GADICON spectrometer for ionosphere far-ultraviolet observation: prototype design, manufacturing, and testing

Lei Yu

doi:10.1364/AO.55.006662

Applied Optics
Vol. 55,
Issue 24,
pp. 6662-6670
(2016)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.006662

GADICON spectrometer for ionosphere far-ultraviolet observation: prototype design, manufacturing, and testing

Lei Yu

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Lei Yu, "GADICON spectrometer for ionosphere far-ultraviolet observation: prototype design, manufacturing, and testing," Appl. Opt. 55, 6662-6670 (2016)

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Abstract

The design, manufacturing, and testing of an imaging spectrometer prototype that will address new scientific requirements by the observation of the lower atmosphere’s impact on the ionosphere are presented. The two sided lateral limb observation covering 130–180 nm far-ultraviolet (FUV) region allows the instrument to perform particle measurements in the daytime and nighttime. In this paper, we focus upon the working design principle, observation, and calibration.

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Characteristic	Value or Range
Waveband	135.6 nm, 140–180 nm
Spectral resolution	$\leq 0.6 nm$
Pixel sampling (FWHM)	$\geq 2$
FOV	$6 ° \times 0.046 °$
Pixel spatial resolution	$< 0.5 mrad$
Coverage of vertical height	50–1000 km
Projected counting rate	0.03 count/pix/exp/R
Integration time	22 s
Slit	$10.5 mm \times 0.08 mm$
Entrance aperture diameter	20 mm
Focal length	100 mm
Mass (predicting)	12 kg
Dimensions (predicting)	$380 mm \times 300 mm \times 200 mm$

Characteristic	Value
Effective receiving surface	30 mm diameter
Maximum count rate	$> 70 K counts / s$
Input window	Magnesium fluoride
MCP arrangement	V stack (2 plates)
Photocathode	Cesium Iodide(MCP front surface)
QE	$> 10 %$ in working waveband
Pixel	$40 μm \times 40 μm$
High voltage power supply	Adjustable for variable gain

Parameter	Value
Overall focal length	100 mm
Entrance aperture (EA)	Φ 20 mm
Type of scanning mirror	Plane
Type of telescope	Off-axis parabolic
Radius of telescope	200 mm
Off-axis distance of telescope	30 mm
Distance between EA and telescope	100 mm
Size of slit	$10.5 mm \times 0.08 mm$
Distance between telescope and slit	100 mm
Type of collimating mirror (CM)
Conic of CM	−0.174
Radius of CM	376.97 mm
Distance between slit and CM	200 mm
Type of diffraction grating (DG)	Plane
Density of DG	1200 l/mm
Distance between CM and DG	350 mm
Type of focusing mirror (FM)
Conic of FM	0.575
Radius of FM	340 mm
Distance between DG and FM	310.99 mm
Type of imaging plane (IP)	Plane
Distance between FM and IP	117.37 mm
Paraxial magnification	$1 \times$

Surface Tolerances
Radius	1 fringe
Thickness	0.2 mm
Tilt in X	0.02°
Tilt in Y	0.02°
Element Tolerances
Decenter X	0.05 mm
Decenter Y	0.05 mm
Tilt X	0.02°
Tilt Y	0.02°

Type	Surface	Value	Criterion	MTF Change
TTHI	2, 3	0.1	0.56468671	−0.02965995
TTHI	7, 8	−0.1	0.56822912	−0.02611753
TETX	8, 8	0.02	0.57814887	−0.01619778
TFRN	11	−2	0.58345131	−0.01089534
TETY	8, 8	0.02	0.58682039	−0.00752627
TTHI	10, 11	0.1	0.58805876	−0.00628789
TEDY	8, 8	0.05	0.58830448	−0.00604217
TTHI	13, 14	−0.1	0.58869739	−0.00564926
TETY	11, 11	−0.02	0.59019712	−0.00414953
TFRN	14	−2	0.59111031	−0.00323635

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Figures (17)

Tables (5)

Equations (8)

Applied Optics