Electro-optical logic application of multimode interference coupler by multivalued controlling

Haifeng Zhou; Wanjun Wang; Jianyi Yang; Minghua Wang; Xiaoqing Jiang

doi:10.1364/AO.50.002299

Electro-optical logic application of multimode interference coupler by multivalued controlling

Haifeng Zhou, Wanjun Wang, Jianyi Yang, Minghua Wang, and Xiaoqing Jiang

Applied Optics
Vol. 50,
Issue 15,
pp. 2299-2304
(2011)
•doi: 10.1364/AO.50.002299

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Haifeng Zhou, Wanjun Wang, Jianyi Yang, Minghua Wang, and Xiaoqing Jiang, "Electro-optical logic application of multimode interference coupler by multivalued controlling," Appl. Opt. 50, 2299-2304 (2011)

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Abstract

Electro-optical hybrid logic is a potential solution to implement both electrical and optical signal processing, which receives analog or digital, electrical or optical signals and produces logic signals in a desired manner. In light of the transfer matrix theory, we found that one can steer light into different output ports of a multimode interference coupler by controlling the phases in a multivalued manner on the image-extended arms. This implementation acts as an analog-to-digital convertor from electric domain to optical domain. Also, an electrical-to-optical 2-to- $2^{2}$ binary-coded decoder is described and examined by the 3D beam propagation method.

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Analog Physical Quantity (Electrical Signal)	Quantization	$Δ n_{eff}$	Outputs of MMI Coupler (Optical Signal)
Analog Physical Quantity (Electrical Signal)	Quantization	$Δ n_{eff}$	Port 1	Port 2	…	Port i	…	Port N
$v_{0} - v_{1}$	$V_{0}$	0	1	0	…	0	…	0
$v_{1} - v_{2}$	$V_{1}$	$Δ n_{eff}$	0	1	…	0	…	0
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
$V_{i} - v_{i + 1}$	$V_{i}$	$i \times Δ n_{eff}$	0	0	…	1	…	0
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
$v_{N - 1} - v_{N}$	$V_{N - 1}$	$((N - 1) \times Δ n_{eff})$	0	0	…	0	…	1

Control Signals		Heater States		$- φ^{B}$	Logic Outputs
$(v_{i A}, v_{i B})$	$(v_{o A}, v_{o B})$	Heater 1	Heater 2	$- φ^{B}$	Output 1	Output 2	Output 3	Output 4
$(1, 1)$	$(V_{A 0}, V_{B 0})$	OFF	OFF	$[0, 0, 0, 0]$	1	0	0	0
$(0, 1)$	$(V_{A 1}, V_{B 0})$	ON	OFF	$[π, π / 2, 3 π / 2, 0]$	0	1	0	0
$(1, 0)$	$(V_{A 0}, V_{B 1})$	OFF	ON	$[π, 0, 0, π]$	0	0	0	1
$(0, 0)$	$(V_{A 1}, V_{B 1})$	ON	ON	$[2 π, π / 2, 3 π / 2, π]$	0	0	1	0

Analog Physical Quantity (Electrical Signal)	Quantization	$Δ n_{eff}$	Outputs of MMI Coupler (Optical Signal)
Analog Physical Quantity (Electrical Signal)	Quantization	$Δ n_{eff}$	Port 1	Port 2	…	Port i	…	Port N
$v_{0} - v_{1}$	$V_{0}$	0	1	0	…	0	…	0
$v_{1} - v_{2}$	$V_{1}$	$Δ n_{eff}$	0	1	…	0	…	0
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
$V_{i} - v_{i + 1}$	$V_{i}$	$i \times Δ n_{eff}$	0	0	…	1	…	0
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
$v_{N - 1} - v_{N}$	$V_{N - 1}$	$((N - 1) \times Δ n_{eff})$	0	0	…	0	…	1

Control Signals		Heater States		$- φ^{B}$	Logic Outputs
$(v_{i A}, v_{i B})$	$(v_{o A}, v_{o B})$	Heater 1	Heater 2	$- φ^{B}$	Output 1	Output 2	Output 3	Output 4
$(1, 1)$	$(V_{A 0}, V_{B 0})$	OFF	OFF	$[0, 0, 0, 0]$	1	0	0	0
$(0, 1)$	$(V_{A 1}, V_{B 0})$	ON	OFF	$[π, π / 2, 3 π / 2, 0]$	0	1	0	0
$(1, 0)$	$(V_{A 0}, V_{B 1})$	OFF	ON	$[π, 0, 0, π]$	0	0	0	1
$(0, 0)$	$(V_{A 1}, V_{B 1})$	ON	ON	$[2 π, π / 2, 3 π / 2, π]$	0	0	1	0

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