Extended phase modulation depth in twisted nematic liquid crystal displays

José Luis Martínez; Ignacio Moreno; Jeffrey A. Davis; Travis J. Hernandez; Kevin P. McAuley

doi:10.1364/AO.49.005929

Extended phase modulation depth in twisted nematic liquid crystal displays

José Luis Martínez, Ignacio Moreno, Jeffrey A. Davis, Travis J. Hernandez, and Kevin P. McAuley

Applied Optics
Vol. 49,
Issue 30,
pp. 5929-5937
(2010)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.49.005929

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José Luis Martínez, Ignacio Moreno, Jeffrey A. Davis, Travis J. Hernandez, and Kevin P. McAuley, "Extended phase modulation depth in twisted nematic liquid crystal displays," Appl. Opt. 49, 5929-5937 (2010)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Optical Devices
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Phase modulation (060.5060)
- Liquid-crystal devices (230.3720)
- Spatial light modulators (230.6120)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 7, 2010
- Revised Manuscript: September 3, 2010
- Manuscript Accepted: September 10, 2010
- Published: October 19, 2010

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Abstract

We show how the phase modulation depth in twisted nematic liquid crystal displays (TNLCDs) can be increased dramatically by selecting a polarization configuration with a reduced mean intensity transmission. This phenomenon, which we have validated with various devices, is shown here for a device that presents a phase-only modulation only slightly over π radians in our classical rotated eigenvector configuration, but it is capable of producing close to a $2 π$ phase depth for a configuration with 5% mean intensity transmission. A quantitative explanation is presented by means of a phasor analysis of the TNLCD eigenvector projections over input and output polarization states. The proposed technique can be a very useful solution in modern TNLCDs that have a very thin liquid crystal layer and a reduced maximum achievable phase modulation.

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Configuration	$E_{in} = (θ, ε)_{in}$	$E_{out} = (θ, ε)_{out}$	$Δ ϕ_{max}$
Eigenvector	$(0 °, 39 °)$	$(0 °, 39 °)$	$190 °$
50%	$(- 32 °, 2 °)$	$(16 °, 25 °)$	$228 °$
5%	$(- 31 °, - 37 °)$	$(20 °, 32 °)$	$317 °$

Configuration	η (Direct)	η (LUT)
Eigenvector	57%	78%
50%	73%	90%
5%	95%	99%

	Generator			Detector
Configuration	LP1	QWP1	$(θ, ε)_{in}$	QWP2	LP2	$(θ, ε)_{out}$	Global Phase Ω
1	$θ_{1} + ε_{1}$	$θ_{1}$	$(θ_{1}, ε_{1})$	$θ_{2}$	$θ_{2} + ε_{2}$	$(θ_{2}, - ε_{2})$	0
2	$θ_{1} - ε_{1}$	$θ_{1} + 90 °$		$θ_{2}$	$θ_{2} + ε_{2}$		$+ 90 °$
3	$θ_{1} + ε_{1}$	$θ_{1}$		$θ_{2} + 90 °$	$θ_{2} - ε_{2}$		$+ 90 °$
4	$θ_{1} - ε_{1}$	$θ_{1} + 90 °$		$θ_{2} + 90 °$	$θ_{2} - ε_{2}$		$+ 180$
5	$- θ_{2} - ε_{2}$	$- θ_{2}$	$(- θ_{2}, - ε_{2})$	$- θ_{1}$	$- θ_{1} - ε_{1}$	$(- θ_{1}, ε_{1})$	0
6	$- θ_{2} - ε_{2}$	$- θ_{2}$		$- θ_{1} - 90 °$	$- θ_{1} + ε_{1}$		$+ 90 °$
7	$- θ_{2} + ε_{2}$	$- θ_{2} - 90 °$		$- θ_{1}$	$- θ_{1} - ε_{1}$		$+ 90 °$
8	$- θ_{2} + ε_{2}$	$- θ_{2} - 90 °$		$- θ_{1} - 90 °$	$- θ_{1} + ε_{1}$		$+ 180$

Configuration	$E_{in} = (θ, ε)_{in}$	$E_{out} = (θ, ε)_{out}$	$Δ ϕ_{max}$
Eigenvector	$(0 °, 39 °)$	$(0 °, 39 °)$	$190 °$
50%	$(- 32 °, 2 °)$	$(16 °, 25 °)$	$228 °$
5%	$(- 31 °, - 37 °)$	$(20 °, 32 °)$	$317 °$

Configuration	η (Direct)	η (LUT)
Eigenvector	57%	78%
50%	73%	90%
5%	95%	99%

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