Enhanced three-dimensional discrete cosine transform based compression method for integral images by adaptive three-dimensional block construction

Ju-Il Jeon; Hyun-Soo Kang

doi:10.1364/AO.49.005728

Applied Optics
Vol. 49,
Issue 30,
pp. 5728-5735
(2010)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.49.005728

Enhanced three-dimensional discrete cosine transform based compression method for integral images by adaptive three-dimensional block construction

Ju-Il Jeon and Hyun-Soo Kang

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Ju-Il Jeon and Hyun-Soo Kang, "Enhanced three-dimensional discrete cosine transform based compression method for integral images by adaptive three-dimensional block construction," Appl. Opt. 49, 5728-5735 (2010)

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- Image Processing
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: August 26, 2010
- Revised Manuscript: August 26, 2010
- Manuscript Accepted: September 8, 2010
- Published: October 12, 2010

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an efficient compression method for integral images based on three- dimensional discrete cosine transform (3D-DCT). Even though the existing 3D-DCT based techniques are efficient, they may not be optimized to the characteristics of integral images, such as applying a fixed size block construction and a fixed scanning in placing 2D blocks to construct a 3D block. Therefore, we propose a variable size block construction and a scanning method adaptive to characteristics of integral images, which are realized by adaptive 3D block modes. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives significant improvement in coding efficiency. In particular, at the high bit rates, the proposed method is more improved, since overhead bits for signaling of the 3D block modes take a smaller part of the total bits.

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		$4 \times 4 \times 16$		$8 \times 4 \times 16$		$4 \times 8 \times 16$		$8 \times 8 \times 16$
Test Images	Quant. Step Size	Total Bits	PSNR	Total Bits	PSNR	Total Bits	PSNR	Total Bits	PSNR
Image 1	16	1869048	37.48	1968070	37.32	2010192	37.25	2093690	37.10
	32	1260616	31.87	1323486	31.58	1349622	31.53	1399784	31.33
	48	949122	28.69	984220	28.37	1004894	28.33	1032910	28.09
	64	745036	26.57	760782	26.25	778834	26.21	788932	25.99
Image 2	16	1712524	38.96	1815346	38.62	1852926	38.56	1960910	38.24
	32	1205146	33.21	1258240	32.87	1280728	32.79	1332014	32.49
	48	944786	29.88	965402	29.59	1004894	29.55	1011376	29.30
	64	769900	27.63	777714	27.40	796538	27.37	806088	27.15
Image 3	16	1297642	39.36	1305466	39.15	1303576	39.16	1309936	38.97
	32	867980	33.69	854928	33.54	854784	33.55	836604	33.43
	48	651376	30.64	625304	30.57	628398	30.59	603800	30.57
	64	515542	28.67	487264	28.68	493120	28.71	465522	28.79

	PM8^avs 3D-DCT1		PM8^a versus 3D-DCT2		PM24^b versus 3D-DCT1		PM24^b versus 3D-DCT2
Test Images	BD-PSNR	BD-BR	BD-PSNR	BD-BR	BD-PSNR	BD-BR	BD-PSNR	BD-BR
Image 1	2.34	$- 18.55 %$	2.55	$- 19.51 %$	2.80	$- 21.72 %$	3.04	$- 22.60 %$
Image 2	3.13	$- 21.54 %$	2.31	$- 16.08 %$	4.30	$- 27.95 %$	3.48	$- 22.93 %$
Image 3	1.55	$- 14.16 %$	0.28	$- 2.85 %$	3.68	$- 30.04 %$	2.42	$- 20.90 %$

		$4 \times 4 \times 16$		$8 \times 4 \times 16$		$4 \times 8 \times 16$		$8 \times 8 \times 16$
Test Images	Quant. Step Size	Total Bits	PSNR	Total Bits	PSNR	Total Bits	PSNR	Total Bits	PSNR
Image 1	16	1869048	37.48	1968070	37.32	2010192	37.25	2093690	37.10
	32	1260616	31.87	1323486	31.58	1349622	31.53	1399784	31.33
	48	949122	28.69	984220	28.37	1004894	28.33	1032910	28.09
	64	745036	26.57	760782	26.25	778834	26.21	788932	25.99
Image 2	16	1712524	38.96	1815346	38.62	1852926	38.56	1960910	38.24
	32	1205146	33.21	1258240	32.87	1280728	32.79	1332014	32.49
	48	944786	29.88	965402	29.59	1004894	29.55	1011376	29.30
	64	769900	27.63	777714	27.40	796538	27.37	806088	27.15
Image 3	16	1297642	39.36	1305466	39.15	1303576	39.16	1309936	38.97
	32	867980	33.69	854928	33.54	854784	33.55	836604	33.43
	48	651376	30.64	625304	30.57	628398	30.59	603800	30.57
	64	515542	28.67	487264	28.68	493120	28.71	465522	28.79

	PM8^avs 3D-DCT1		PM8^a versus 3D-DCT2		PM24^b versus 3D-DCT1		PM24^b versus 3D-DCT2
Test Images	BD-PSNR	BD-BR	BD-PSNR	BD-BR	BD-PSNR	BD-BR	BD-PSNR	BD-BR
Image 1	2.34	$- 18.55 %$	2.55	$- 19.51 %$	2.80	$- 21.72 %$	3.04	$- 22.60 %$
Image 2	3.13	$- 21.54 %$	2.31	$- 16.08 %$	4.30	$- 27.95 %$	3.48	$- 22.93 %$
Image 3	1.55	$- 14.16 %$	0.28	$- 2.85 %$	3.68	$- 30.04 %$	2.42	$- 20.90 %$

Abstract

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Applied Optics