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Inscription and characterization of waveguides written into borosilicate glass by a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser at 800 nm

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Abstract

A series of waveguides was inscribed in a borosilicate glass (BK7) by an 11MHz repetition rate femtosecond laser operating with pulse energies from 16 to 30nJ and focused at various depths within the bulk material. The index modification was measured using a quantitative phase microscopy technique that revealed central index changes ranging from 5×103 to 102, leading to waveguides that exhibited propagation losses of 0.2dB/cm at a wavelength of 633nm and 0.6dB/cm at a wavelength of 1550nm with efficient mode matching, less than 0.2dB, to standard optical fibers. Analysis of the experimental data shows that, for a given inscription energy, the index modification has a strong dependence on inscription scanning velocity. At higher energies, the index modification increases with increasing inscription scanning velocity with other fabrication parameters constant.

© 2010 Optical Society of America

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