Steven Rock,1
Aristides Marcano,1
Yuri Markushin,1
Chandran Sabanayagam,1
and Noureddine Melikechi1,*
1Center for Research and Education in Optical Sciences and Applications, Department of Physics and Pre-Engineering, Delaware State University, 1200 North DuPont Hwy Dover, Delaware 19901, USA
Steven Rock, Aristides Marcano, Yuri Markushin, Chandran Sabanayagam, and Noureddine Melikechi, "Elemental analysis of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy aided by an empirical spectral database," Appl. Opt. 47, G99-G104 (2008)
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is commonly used to identify elemental compositions of various samples. To facilitate this task, we propose the use of an elemental spectral library for single-pulsed, nanosecond LIBS in the spectral range . This spectroscopic library is generated by measuring optical emissions from plasmas of 40 pure elements. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed database, we measure and analyze the LIBS spectra of pure iron and of ethanol and show that we identify these samples with a high degree of certainty.
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List of the Most Common, Intense, Neutral, and First Ionized State Observed Lines for Iodine as Reported in the NIST Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data Emission Lines and Measured Using LIBS a
Details of the measurements are provided in Appendix A. indicates that the line was not detected.
Table 2
List of the Most Common, Intense, Neutral and First Ionized State Observed Lines for Selenium as Reported in the NIST Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data Emission Lines and Measured Using LIBSa
Details of the measurements are provided in Appendix A. indicates that the line was not detected.
Table 3
List of the Most Common, Intense, Neutral, and First Ionized State Observed Lines for Sulfur as Reported in the NIST Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data Emission Lines and Measured Using LIBSa
Details of the measurements are provided in Appendix A. indicates that the line was not detected.
Tables (4)
Table 3
Table of the LIBS Spectra Measured
Element
Irradiance
Mean Energy
Form
Purity
Number of Shots
CAS
Helium
Gas
99.95%
1200
7440-59-7
Lithium
Dry granular
99+%
120
7439-93-2
Beryllium
Powder 325 mesh
99+%
12
7440-41-7
Boron
Crystaline
99.7%
120
7440-42-8
Carbon
Graphite rod
99.99%
1200
7440-44-0
Nitrogen
Gas
99.95%
1200
7727-37-9
Sodium
Dry stick
99%
120
7440-23-5
Magnesium
Ribbon
99.5%
120
7439-95-4
Silicon
Powder 325 mesh
99+%
12
7440-21-3
Phosphorus
Lump
99.999%
12
7723-14-0
Sulfur
Crystaline
99.999%
12
7704-34-9
Argon
Gas
99.95%
1200
7440-37-1
Potassium
Chuncks
98%
120
7440-09-7
Calcium
Turning
99%
1200
7440-70-2
Titanium
Rod
99.97%
120
7440-32-6
Chromium
Chips
99.6%
120
7440-47-3
Manganese
Powder 325 mesh
99+%
12
7439-96-5
Iron
Powder 325 mesh
99%
12
7439-89-6
Nickel
Sphere
99.95%
120
7440-02-0
Copper
sphere
99.9%
120
7440-50-8
Zinc
Granular 20 mesh
99.7%
120
7440-66-6
Gallium
Liquid
99.99%
120
7440-55-3
Selenium
powder 200 mesh
99.5+ %
12
7782-49-2
Strontium
Dendritic pieces
99.99%
120
7440-24-6
Molybdenum
Powder 200 mesh
99.99%
12
7439-98-7
Ruthenium
Powder 200 mesh
99.9%
12
7440-18-8
Rhodium
Powder
99.9%
12
7440-16-6
Palladium
Foil
99.9%
120
7440-05-3
Silver
Foil
99.9%
120
7440-22-4
Iodine
Crystaline
99.99%
12
7553-56-2
Barium
Rod
99+%
120
7440-39-3
Praseodymium
Powder 40 mesh
99.9%
12
7440-10-0
Ytterbium
Ingot
99.9%
1200
7440-64-4
Tungsten
Powder 12μm
99.9%
12
7440-33-7
Rhenium
Foil
99.98%
1200
7440-15-5
Osmium
Sponge 100 mesh
99.9%
12
7440-04-2
Platinum
Powder
98%
12
7440-06-4
Gold
Agglomerated 50 to 5 mesh
99.99%
12
7440-57-5
Mercury
Liquid
99.999%
120
7439-97-6
Lead
Granular
99%
120
7439-92-1
Table 1
List of the Most Common, Intense, Neutral, and First Ionized State Observed Lines for Iodine as Reported in the NIST Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data Emission Lines and Measured Using LIBS a
Details of the measurements are provided in Appendix A. indicates that the line was not detected.
Table 2
List of the Most Common, Intense, Neutral and First Ionized State Observed Lines for Selenium as Reported in the NIST Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data Emission Lines and Measured Using LIBSa
Details of the measurements are provided in Appendix A. indicates that the line was not detected.
Table 3
List of the Most Common, Intense, Neutral, and First Ionized State Observed Lines for Sulfur as Reported in the NIST Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data Emission Lines and Measured Using LIBSa