Abstract

A dual-rate (2 Gbit/s and 100 Mbit/s) optical transceiver designed for power-efficient connections within and between modern high-speed digital systems is described. The transceiver can dynamically adjust its data rate according to performance requirements, allowing for power-on-demand operation. Dynamic power management permits energy saving and lowers device operating temperatures, improving the reliability and lifetime of optoelectronic-devices such as vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). To implement dual-rate functionality, we include in the transmitter and receiver circuits separate high-speed and low-power data path modules. The high-speed module is designed for gigabit operation to achieve high bandwidth. A simpler low-power module is designed for megabit data transmission with low power consumption. The transceiver is fabricated in a 0.5 µm silicon-on-sapphire complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. The VCSEL and photodetector devices are attached to the transceiver’s integrated circuit by flip-chip bonding. A free-space optical link system is constructed to demonstrate correct dual-rate functionality. Experimental results show reliable link operation at 2 Gbit/s and 100 Mbit/s data transfer rates with ∼104 and ∼9 mW power consumption, respectively. The transceiver’s switching time between these two data rates is demonstrated as 10 µs, which is limited by on-chip register reconfiguration time. Improvement of this switching time can be obtained by use of dedicated input–output pads for dual-rate control signals.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

2 Gbit/s 0.5 μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor optical transceiver with event-driven dynamic power-on capability

Xingle Wang, Fouad Kiamilev, Ping Gui, Xiaoqing Wang, Jeremy Ekman, Yongrong Zuo, Jason Blankenberg, and Michael Haney
Appl. Opt. 45(18) 4355-4365 (2006)

Performance-based adaptive power optimization for digital optical interconnects

Xiaoqing Wang, Fouad Kiamilev, George C. Papen, Jeremy Ekman, Ping Gui, Michael J. McFadden, Joseph C. Deroba, Michael W. Haney, and Charles Kuznia
Appl. Opt. 44(29) 6240-6252 (2005)

Testbed for a scalable terabit optical local area network

Albert Au, Boonchuay Supmonchai, and Ted H. Szymanski
Appl. Opt. 39(23) 4131-4142 (2000)

100-Gbps CMOS transceiver for multilane optical backplane system with a 1.3 cm² footprint

Takashi Takemoto, Fumio Yuki, Hiroki Yamashita, Shinji Tsuji, Yong Lee, Koichiro Adachi, Kazunori Shinoda, Yasunobu Matsuoka, Kenji Kogo, Shinji Nishimura, Masaaki Nido, Masahiko Namiwaka, Taro Kaneko, Takara Sugimoto, and Kazuhiko Kurata
Opt. Express 19(26) B777-B783 (2011)

Ultra-Low-Power 10 to 28.5 Gb/s CMOS-Driven VCSEL-Based Optical Links [Invited]

Jonathan E. Proesel, Benjamin G. Lee, Alexander V. Rylyakov, Christian W. Baks, and Clint L. Schow
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 4(11) B114-B123 (2012)