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Technique of microball lens formation for efficient optical coupling

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Abstract

A batch-fabricated microball lens array not only provides accurate coupling distances but also replaces traditional components such as aspheric lenses and expensive graded-index lenses without sacrificing performance and reduces assembly cost. The results of extensive experiments show a critical aspect ratio of ∼0.3. That is, when the aspect ratio is larger than 0.3, the final shape of a reflowed lens changes to that of a microball rather than of a mushroom. Using a laser with a 633-nm wavelength yields an optimum coupling distance of ∼8 μm with an insertion loss below -1.3 dB (coupling efficiency, ∼73%).

© 2004 Optical Society of America

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