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Electron-beam poling on Ti:LiNbO3

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Abstract

The periodic domain inversion by direct electron-beam (EB) bombardment on Ti:LiNbO3 is presented. Gratings with a 6.6-µm period are achieved. The inverted patterns are observed after chemical etching by use of a scanning electron microscope, and they exhibit a high resolution, as expected. Next, the influence of the EB parameters on the inversion phenomenon is developed for both LiNbO3 and Ti:LiNbO3. In this way we can provide an explanation of the phenomenon of domain inversion with an EB, which is not completely understood. Finally, quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation is presented in bulk LiNbO3 by use of a Nd:YAG laser light. These experiments allowed us to achieve the characteristics of the inverted domains along the crystal in particular.

© 2001 Optical Society of America

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