Phase contrast using photorefractive LiNbO₃:Fe crystals

Abstract

We theoretically and experimentally study phase contrast using a photorefractive LiNbO₃:Fe crystal sheet and realize the high-performance phase contrast operation using C-cut LiNbO₃:Fe crystal sheets in which the photovoltaic effect plays an important role. We estimate the maximum photovoltaic field in LiNbO₃:Fe using the phase contrast method.

© 1995 Optical Society of America

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