Abstract

A method for correcting the aberration of an electron-objective lens during the holographic reconstruction stage is proposed. In this method, a liquid-crystal spatial-light modulator is used as a computer-controlled phase plate on the Fourier plane of an optical reconstruction system. The effective refractive index of the liquid crystals changes with the applied electric field because of the crystals’s birefringence. Thus the phase of light passing through the liquid-crystal spatial-light modulator can be flexibly modulated to compensate for wave aberration. Experimental results on adjusting the focus of the image wave reconstructed from an electron-image hologram of magnesium oxide particles are presented.

© 1994 Optical Society of America

Spherical aberration correction using a liquid-crystal spatial-light modulator in off-axis electron holography

Jun Chen, Tsukasa Hirayama, Kazuo Ishizuka, and Akira Tonomura
Appl. Opt. 33(28) 6597-6602 (1994)

Full-field phase modulation characterization of liquid-crystal spatial light modulator using digital holography

Kapil Dev, Vijay Raj Singh, and Anand Asundi
Appl. Opt. 50(11) 1593-1600 (2011)

Holographic femtosecond laser processing using optimal-rotation-angle method with compensation of spatial frequency response of liquid crystal spatial light modulator

Hidetomo Takahashi, Satoshi Hasegawa, and Yoshio Hayasaki
Appl. Opt. 46(23) 5917-5923 (2007)

Phase-aberration correction with dual liquid-crystal spatial light modulators

Thu-Lan Kelly and Jesper Munch
Appl. Opt. 37(22) 5184-5189 (1998)

Dynamic holographic interconnects that use ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulators

D. C. O’Brien, R. J. Mears, T. D. Wilkinson, and W. A. Crossland
Appl. Opt. 33(14) 2795-2803 (1994)