Laser ranging error budget for the TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite

Jon A. Schwartz

doi:10.1364/AO.29.003590

Applied Optics
Vol. 29,
Issue 25,
pp. 3590-3596
(1990)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.29.003590

Laser ranging error budget for the TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite

Jon A. Schwartz

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Jon A. Schwartz, "Laser ranging error budget for the TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite," Appl. Opt. 29, 3590-3596 (1990)

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Abstract

A laser ranging error budget is detailed, and a specific error budget is derived for the TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite. A ranging uncertainty of 0.76 cm is predicted for TOPEX/POSEIDON at 20° elevation using the presently designed laser retroreflector array and only modest improvements in present system operations. Atmospheric refraction and satellite attitude effects cause the predicted range error to vary with satellite elevation angle from 0.71 cm at zenith to 0.76 cm at 20° elevation. This a priori error budget compares well with the ~1.2-cm rms a posteriori polynomial orbital fit using existing data taken for an extant satellite of similar size and orbit.

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	Error constituent		Range error
1)	Laser wavefront spatial effects		0 cm
2)	Temporal effects (stability test)		0.15 cm
3)	Signal strength effects		0.45 cm
4)	Calibration target distance		0.1 cm
5)	Neutral density filter bias		0 cm
Meteorological measurement errors
6a)	Satellite	pressure	0.28 cm*
6b)	ranging	temperature	0.02 cm*
6c)		relative humidity	0.07 cm*
6d)	Calibration	pressure	0.003 cm
6e)	check	temperature	0.023 cm
6f)		relative humidity	0.00056 cm
7)	Azimuth and elevation dependence (MOBLAS-7)		0.27 cm
8)	Pulse fire time		0.06 cm*
Modeling errors
9)	Atmospheric propagation		0.12 cm*
10)	LRA center of symmetry		0.02 cm*
11)	Ground survey of laser position		0.1 cm
12)	Data aggregation		0.4 cm

Root sum square total			0.76 cm*

Elevation angle (deg)	Mean range correction (m)	Difference between calculated and actual range correction standard deviation (cm)
80	2.47	0.04
40	3.69	0.07
20	6.91	0.12
15	9.08	0.19
10	13.32	0.49

	Error constituent		Range error
1)	Laser wavefront spatial effects		0 cm
2)	Temporal effects (stability test)		0.15 cm
3)	Signal strength effects		0.45 cm
4)	Calibration target distance		0.1 cm
5)	Neutral density filter bias		0 cm
Meteorological measurement errors
6a)	Satellite	pressure	0.28 cm*
6b)	ranging	temperature	0.02 cm*
6c)		relative humidity	0.07 cm*
6d)	Calibration	pressure	0.003 cm
6e)	check	temperature	0.023 cm
6f)		relative humidity	0.00056 cm
7)	Azimuth and elevation dependence (MOBLAS-7)		0.27 cm
8)	Pulse fire time		0.06 cm*
Modeling errors
9)	Atmospheric propagation		0.12 cm*
10)	LRA center of symmetry		0.02 cm*
11)	Ground survey of laser position		0.1 cm
12)	Data aggregation		0.4 cm

Root sum square total			0.76 cm*

Elevation angle (deg)	Mean range correction (m)	Difference between calculated and actual range correction standard deviation (cm)
80	2.47	0.04
40	3.69	0.07
20	6.91	0.12
15	9.08	0.19
10	13.32	0.49

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Applied Optics