Abstract

Different wavelength modulation waveforms were studied comprehensively in tunable diode laser photoacoustic spectroscopy. The generation of the photoacoustic signal was studied by way of simulations and experiments. A cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic detector and ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ sample gas were used in the experiments. The modulation waveforms compared in this study were sinusoidal, triangular, shaped, and quasi-square waves. All four waveforms allow background-free detection of trace gases. Compared to the conventionally used sinusoidal modulation, the triangular, shaped, and quasi-square waves enhanced the photoacoustic signal by factors of 1.12, 1.42, and 1.57, respectively.

© 2009 Optical Society of America

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