Unconditionally stable indole-derived glass blends having very high photorefractive gain: the role of intermolecular interactions

Rocco Angelone; Francesco Ciardelli; Arturo Colligiani; Francesco Greco; Paolo Masi; Annalisa Romano; Giacomo Ruggeri; Jean-Louis Stehlé

doi:10.1364/AO.47.006680

Applied Optics
Vol. 47,
Issue 36,
pp. 6680-6691
(2008)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.47.006680

Unconditionally stable indole-derived glass blends having very high photorefractive gain: the role of intermolecular interactions

Rocco Angelone, Francesco Ciardelli, Arturo Colligiani, Francesco Greco, Paolo Masi, Annalisa Romano, Giacomo Ruggeri, and Jean-Louis Stehlé

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Rocco Angelone, Francesco Ciardelli, Arturo Colligiani, Francesco Greco, Paolo Masi, Annalisa Romano, Giacomo Ruggeri, and Jean-Louis Stehlé, "Unconditionally stable indole-derived glass blends having very high photorefractive gain: the role of intermolecular interactions," Appl. Opt. 47, 6680-6691 (2008)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Abstract

The photorefractivity of an indole derivative and of its polymer blends has been studied at room temperature. The indole derivative 3-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethenyl]-1-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-methylindole (NPEMI-E) is a typical low-molecular-weight glass-forming molecule having peculiar nonlinear optics characteristics. It is unconditionally soluble in the photoconductive poly-(N-vinyl-2,3-dimethylindole) so that all the possible blends can be studied for a weight percent (wt. %) content of NPEMI-E ranging from zero to 100. A very high and sharp maximum of the photorefractive optical gain $Γ_{2} \approx 2000 {cm}^{- 1}$ was obtained for a NPEMI-E wt. % content of about 90. On the basis of recently published theoretical calculations, we have made the hypothesis that the rapid change of $Γ_{2}$ can also be ascribed to a correspondingly quick variation of the molecular electro-optic parameters of the dissolved chromophore for some well distinguished values of its concentration in the polymer matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements were made and the results carefully analyzed with the aim of obtaining information on the intermolecular interactions. These last measurements also allowed rationalizing the unconditionally stable glass appearance of the obtained blends. Measurements of spectroscopic ellipsometry were also made on blends with different NPEMI-E content.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Photorefractivity of poly-N-vinylindole-based materials as compared with that of poly-N-vinylcarbazole-based blends

Marco Angiuli, Francesco Ciardelli, Arturo Colligiani, Francesco Greco, Annalisa Romano, Giacomo Ruggeri, and Elpidio Tombari
Appl. Opt. 45(30) 7928-7937 (2006)

Ellipsometric measurements of poling birefringence, the Pockels effect, and the Kerr effect in high-performance photorefractive polymer composites

Sandalphon, B. Kippelen, K. Meerholz, and N. Peyghambarian
Appl. Opt. 35(14) 2346-2354 (1996)

Highly efficient photorefractive composites based on layered photoconductive polymers

O-Pil Kwon, Suck-Hyun Lee, Germano Montemezzani, and Peter Günter
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20(11) 2307-2312 (2003)

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (6)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (2)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Equations (7)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

	Composition
	(wt. %)
Blend	PVDMI	NPEMI-E	$T_{g}$ $(° C)$
PVD99	99	-	198.5
NPE5	94	5	176.5
NPE10	89	10	154.9
NPE20	79	20	116.7
NPE30	69	30	86.3
NPE40	59	40	59.4
NPE50	49	50	43.0
NPE60	39	60	29.4
NPE70	29	70	19.5
NPE75	24	75	15.4
NPE80	19	80	11.8
NPE85	14	85	8.2
NPE90	9	90	4.6
NPE95	4	95	0.5
NPE99	-	99	$- 2.6$

	$i_{ph} (E = 60 V / μm)$	$i_{ph} (E = 90 V / μm)$	$Γ_{2} (E = 60 V / μm)$	$Γ_{2} (E = 90 V / μm)$
Blend	(A)	(A)	( ${cm}^{- 1}$ )	( ${cm}^{- 1}$ )
NPE50	$2.12 \times 10^{- 9}$	$8.42 \times 10^{- 9}$	3.0	10.2
NPE75	$1.68 \times 10^{- 8}$	$9.84 \times 10^{- 8}$	63	150
NPE80	$2.66 \times 10^{- 8}$	$1.40 \times 10^{- 7}$	179	444
NPE85	$3.30 \times 10^{- 8}$	$1.71 \times 10^{- 7}$	393	1217
NPE90	$3.40 \times 10^{- 8}$	$1.54 \times 10^{- 7}$	610	2027
NPE95	$3.56 \times 10^{- 8}$	$8.59 \times 10^{- 8}$	510	1712
NPE99	$8.52 \times 10^{- 8}$	$3.55 \times 10^{- 7}$	232	976

	Composition
	(wt. %)
Blend	PVDMI	NPEMI-E	$T_{g}$ $(° C)$
PVD99	99	-	198.5
NPE5	94	5	176.5
NPE10	89	10	154.9
NPE20	79	20	116.7
NPE30	69	30	86.3
NPE40	59	40	59.4
NPE50	49	50	43.0
NPE60	39	60	29.4
NPE70	29	70	19.5
NPE75	24	75	15.4
NPE80	19	80	11.8
NPE85	14	85	8.2
NPE90	9	90	4.6
NPE95	4	95	0.5
NPE99	-	99	$- 2.6$

	$i_{ph} (E = 60 V / μm)$	$i_{ph} (E = 90 V / μm)$	$Γ_{2} (E = 60 V / μm)$	$Γ_{2} (E = 90 V / μm)$
Blend	(A)	(A)	( ${cm}^{- 1}$ )	( ${cm}^{- 1}$ )
NPE50	$2.12 \times 10^{- 9}$	$8.42 \times 10^{- 9}$	3.0	10.2
NPE75	$1.68 \times 10^{- 8}$	$9.84 \times 10^{- 8}$	63	150
NPE80	$2.66 \times 10^{- 8}$	$1.40 \times 10^{- 7}$	179	444
NPE85	$3.30 \times 10^{- 8}$	$1.71 \times 10^{- 7}$	393	1217
NPE90	$3.40 \times 10^{- 8}$	$1.54 \times 10^{- 7}$	610	2027
NPE95	$3.56 \times 10^{- 8}$	$8.59 \times 10^{- 8}$	510	1712
NPE99	$8.52 \times 10^{- 8}$	$3.55 \times 10^{- 7}$	232	976

Abstract

Cited By

Figures (6)

Tables (2)

Equations (7)

Applied Optics