Optical technology in medicine and biology: Introduction

Stephen A. Burns, Marwood N. Ediger, and Rebecca R. Richards-Kortum

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3313-3313 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Spatially selective photocoagulation of biological tissues: feasibility study utilizing cryogen spray cooling

Bahman Anvari, B. Samuel Tanenbaum, Thomas E. Milner, Kimberly Tang, Lih-Huei Liaw, Ken Kalafus, Sol Kimel, and J. Stuart Nelson

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3314-3320 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Optical properties of conjunctiva, sclera, and the ciliary body and their consequences for transscleral cyclophotocoagulation

Babak Nemati, H. Grady Rylander, and Ashley J. Welch

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3321-3327 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Combination of fiber-guided pulsed erbium and holmium laser radiation for tissue ablation under water

Hans Pratisto, Martin Frenz, Michael Ith, Hans J. Altermatt, E. Duco Jansen, and Heinz P. Weber

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3328-3337 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Optical profilometry of poly(methylmethacrylate) surfaces after reshaping with a scanning photorefractive keratectomy (SPRK) system

Fabrice Manns, Pascal Rol, Jean-Marie Parel, Armin Schmid, Jin-Hui Shen, Takaaki Matsui, and Per Söderberg

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3338-3346 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Drug delivery with microsecond laser pulses into gelatin

HanQun Shangguan, Lee W. Casperson, Alan Shearin, Kenton W. Gregory, and Scott A. Prahl

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3347-3357 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Measurement by laser Doppler interferometry of intraocular distances in humans and chicks with a precision of better than ±20 μm

G. F. Schmid, B. L. Petrig, C. E. Riva, K. H. Shin, R. A. Stone, M. J. Mendel, and A. M. Laties

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3358-3361 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Experimental validation of Monte Carlo and finite-element methods for the estimation of the optical path length in inhomogeneous tissue

Eiji Okada, Martin Schweiger, Simon R. Arridge, Michael Firbank, and David T. Delpy

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3362-3371 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Hyperbolic damped-wave models for transient light-pulse propagation in scattering media

Sunil Kumar, Kunal Mitra, and Yukio Yamada

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3372-3378 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Depth determination of chromophores in human skin by pulsed photothermal radiometry

Thomas E. Milner, Derek J. Smithies, Dennis M. Goodman, Alice Lau, and J. Stuart Nelson

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3379-3385 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Corneal-tissue absorption coefficients for 193- and 213-nm ultraviolet radiation

G. H. Pettit and M. N. Ediger

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3386-3391 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Dynamic 193-nm optical properties of water

Paul T. Staveteig and Joseph T. Walsh

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3392-3403 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Determination of the scattering coefficient and the anisotropy factor from laser Doppler spectra of liquids including blood

Alwin Kienle, Michael S. Patterson, Lutz Ott, and Rudolf Steiner

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3404-3412 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Dynamics of tissue optics during laser heating of turbid media

Wei-Chiang Lin, Massoud Motamedi, and Ashley J. Welch

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3413-3420 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Fiber-optic evanescent-wave spectroscopy for fast multicomponent analysis of human blood

Ronit Simhi, Yaron Gotshal, David Bunimovich, Ben-Ami Sela, and Abraham Katzir

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3421-3425 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Capillary waveguide optrodes: an approach to optical sensing in medical diagnostics

Max E. Lippitsch, Sonja Draxler, Dietmar Kieslinger, Hartmut Lehmann, and Bernhard H. Weigl

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3426-3431 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Time-gated viewing studies on tissuelike phantoms

R. Berg, S. Andersson-Engels, O. Jarlman, and S. Svanberg

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3432-3440 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Sources of contrast in confocal reflectance imaging

Andrew K. Dunn, Colin Smithpeter, A. J. Welch, and Rebecca Richards-Kortum

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3441-3446 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Enhanced frequency-domain optical image reconstruction in tissues through total-variation minimization

Keith D. Paulsen and Huabei Jiang

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3447-3458 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Parabolic mirror optics for collimation of a crescent blue laser beam radiated from channel waveguide Čerenkov second-harmonic generation

Ming Wang, Osami Wada, and Ryuji Koga

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3459-3465 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Precision crystal corner cube arrays for optical gratings formed by (100) silicon planes with selective epitaxial growth

Gerold W. Neudeck, Jan Spitz, Julie C. H. Chang, John P. Denton, and Neal Gallagher

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3466-3470 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Determination of the conversion gain and the accuracy of its measurement for detector elements and arrays

B. P. Beecken and E. R. Fossum

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3471-3477 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Light-reflecting concentrators for photomultipliers with curved photocathodes

M. E. Moorhead and N. W. Tanner

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3478-3487 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Modal approximation for the electromagnetic field of a near-field optical probe

Robert D. Grober, Todd Rutherford, and Timothy D. Harris

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3488-3495 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Graded-index profiles by inversion with Lloyd's mirage

L. J. Allen and R. Lipperheide

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3496-3499 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry–Perot vibration-isolated interferometer for use in absolute gravity meters

Eric L. Canuteson and Mark A. Zumberge

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3500-3505 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Robust phase-unwrapping method for phase images with high noise content

Paul G. Charette and Ian W. Hunter

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3506-3513 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Camera influence on the phase-measurement accuracy of a phase-shifting speckle interferometer

Thomas Maack and Richard Kowarschik

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3514-3524 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Dual-wavelength heterodyne differential interferometer for high-precision measurements of reflective aspherical surfaces and step heights

H. J. Tiziani, A. Rothe, and N. Maier

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3525-3533 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Self-pumped phase-conjugate interferometer with a photorefractive iron-doped lithium-niobate crystal

P. Jayanth, R. Krishna Mohan, and C. K. Subramanian

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3534-3539 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Experimental verification of a theory of the influence of measurement conditions on temperature measurement accuracy with IR systems

Krzysztof Chrzanowski

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3540-3547 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Improved solution for the cemented doublet

Abraham Szulc

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3548-3558 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Inclined toroidal surface that fits an off-axis conic section

O. Cardona-Nuñez, A. Cornejo-Rodriguez, A. Cordero-Davila, and J. Pedraza-Contreras

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3559-3561 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Optical, thermo-optic, electro-optic, and photoelastic properties of bismuth germanate (Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂)

P. A. Williams, A. H. Rose, K. S. Lee, D. C. Conrad, G. W. Day, and P. D. Hale

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3562-3569 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Polarization of specular reflection and near-specular scattering by a rough surface

Soe-Mie F. Nee

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3570-3582 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Emission polarization of roughened glass and aluminum surfaces

D. L. Jordan, G. D. Lewis, and E. Jakeman

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3583-3590 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Polarization characterization of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer

A. Mabrouki, M. Gadonna, and R. Le Naour

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3591-3596 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Effects of non-Lambertian surfaces on integrating sphere measurements

L. M. Hanssen

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3597-3606 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Development of improved electrical-substitution radiometers at the National Research Council of Canada

K. Gibb, J. E. Decker, L. P. Boivin, S. R. Das, and M. A. Buchanan

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3607-3613 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Numerical and experimental study of disordered multilayers for broadband x-ray reflection

P. van Loevezijn, R. Schlatmann, J. Verhoeven, B. A. van Tiggelen, and E. M. Gullikson

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3614-3619 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Effects of bombardment on optical properties during the deposition of silicon nitride by reactive ion-beam sputtering

M. F. Lambrinos, R. Valizadeh, and J. S. Colligon

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3620-3626 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Prefocusing optics for soft-x-ray synchrotron-radiation monochromators

Li-Jun Lu

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3627-3634 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Integrated diffractive and refractive elements for spectrum shaping

Salman Noach, Aaron Lewis, Yoel Arieli, and Naftaly Eisenberg

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3635-3639 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Adaptive optics and ground-to-space laser communications

Robert K. Tyson

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3640-3646 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Phase measurement and compensation of a wave front using a twisted nematic liquid-crystal television

Rensheng Dou and Michael K. Giles

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3647-3652 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Holographic gratings for the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer: development, imaging, and efficiency tests of two prototypes

Sylvain Chambord, Robert Grange, Jean Flamand, Michel Saïsse, and Jean-Louis Reynaud

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3653-3661 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Binary gratings for CO₂ laser-beam diagnostics

Ch. Hembd-Söllner, Ch. Budzinski, and H. Tiziani

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3662-3670 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Optical diffusion imaging: a comparative numerical and experimental study

Jeffery S. Reynolds, Andreas Przadka, Simon P. Yeung, and Kevin J. Webb

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3671-3679 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Electroless silver as an optical coating in an operational environment

D. Nahrstedt, T. Glesne, J. McNally, J. Kenemuth, and B. Magrath

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3680-3686 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Speckle noise in laser bar-code-scanner systems

Daoqi Yu, Miklos Stern, and Joseph Katz

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3687-3694 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Measurement of plant movement in young and mature plants using electronic speckle pattern interferometry

Astrid Aksnes Dyrseth

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3695-3701 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Image properties of polycrystalline storage films

M. Thoms

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3702-3714 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Refractive index of NH₄Cl–H₂O as a function of wavelength: the effect of temperature and concentration

Mary Helen McCay, Vladimir V. Semak, John A. Hopkins, and Brent Blaha

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3715-3718 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Secondary-phase-modulation method for open-loop fiber-optic gyroscopes

M. Komachiya, H. Sonobe, S. Oho, K. Ohbu, T. Yuhara, and H. Iizuka

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3719-3725 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Light scattering by ellipsoids in a physical optics approximation

Paul Mazeron and Stéphane Muller

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3726-3735 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Discrete-dipole-approximation-based light-scattering calculations for particles with a real refractive index smaller than unity

Z. Laczik

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3736-3745 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Fluorescent diffuse photon density waves in homogeneous and heterogeneous turbid media: analytic solutions and applications

X. D. Li, M. A. O'Leary, D. A. Boas, B. Chance, and A. G. Yodh

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3746-3758 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Effect of diffraction on early-arriving photons during femtosecond laser transillumination of highly scattering media of biological significance

Theodore G. Papazoglou, W. Q. Liu, Alex Vasiliou, Ralf Grassmel, Costas Kalpouzos, and Costas Fotakis

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3759-3762 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF

Dynamic light scattering from small particles: expected accuracy in hemoglobin data reduction

Sabrina Beretta, Lorenzo Lunelli, Giuseppe Chirico, and Giancarlo Baldini

Appl. Opt. 35(19), 3763-3770 (1996)  View: HTML | PDF