Abstract

The divalent samarium ion has a 4<i>f</i>⁶ configuration. Its energy level diagram resembles that of its isoelectronic ion Eu³⁺. On the other hand, the lowest excited state of the 4<i>f</i>⁵5<i>d</i>¹ configuration with energy analogous to the lowest excited state of the 4<i>f</i>⁶ configuration, ⁵<i>D</i>₀, also exists. This factor alters the luminescence properties of the Sm²⁺ ion in host crystals. Broad luminescence bands in the visible and/or the near-infrared regions should be observed for the transition from the 4<i>f</i>⁵5<i>d</i>¹ configuration to the ground state. It is well known that if the excited level ⁵<i>D</i>₀ in the 4<i>f</i>⁶ configuration is lower in energy than the lowest level of the 4<i>f</i>⁵5<i>d</i>¹ configuration, then the sharp luminescence bands from the <i>f-f</i> transitions can be observed. As reported earlier from studies with alkaline-earth fluorides, the luminescence lines of Sm²⁺ are very sensitive to the host crystal for the transition between the 4<i>f</i>⁵5<i>d</i>¹ and 4<i>f</i>⁶ configuration. Pressure effects on the different optical transitions of Sm²⁺ -doped SrF₂ have also been studied recently, and it was reported that pressure has a larger effect on the transition between the 4<i>f</i>⁵5<i>d</i>¹ and 4<i>f</i>⁶ configurations than on those within the 4<i>f</i>⁶ configuration.

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