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Hybrid fiber-optic sensors using liquid-crystal light modulators and piezoceramic transducers

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Abstract

A new technique is described for linking remote sensors by multimode optical fibers. It combines two well-known technologies and is compatible with multimode optical multiplexing. At the sensing location, the output of a transducer (such as a piezoceramic hydrophone) is connected directly to a low-voltage liquid-crystal light modulator that is coupled to fiber-optic transmission lines by graded-index rod lenses. Transducer voltages as low as 10 μV produce intensity modulation of the fiber light. An optical hydrophone based on the technique demonstrated a minimum detectable pressure of 39 dB re 1μPa/Hz at 500 Hz. The device performance was evaluated over the 8–45°C temperature range. Sensitivity was found to decrease linearly by 0.2 dB/°C over that range. The technique provides a means by which rugged nonmechanical sensors can be constructed that are suitable for incorporation into practical fiber-optic sensor systems.

© 1982 Optical Society of America

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