Abstract
It has been predicted1 that topological potentials play a significant role in gray optical lattices. However, so far there has been no direct experimental demonstration of their existence. Unlike light-shift potentials, which, in the case of low saturation, scale as the laser intensity, topological (or gauge) potentials are intensity independent and solely depend on the topology of the lattice, which is determined by the detuning, beam geometry and magnetic fields. These parameters determine how the internal-state wave-function associated with the trapping potential, |α(z)〉, depends on position.
© 1999 Optical Society of America
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