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Plasmon resonant coupling in metallic nanowires

Jörg P. Kottmann and Olivier J.F. Martin

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We investigate the plasmon resonances of interacting silver nanowires with a 50 nm diameter. Both non–touching and intersecting configurations are investigated. While individual cylinders exhibit a single plasmon resonance, we observe much more complex spectra of resonances for interacting structures. The number and magnitude of the different resonances depend on the illumination direction and on the distance between the particles. For very small separations, we observe a dramatic field enhancement between the particles, where the electric field amplitude reaches a hundredfold of the illumination. A similar enhancement is observed in the grooves created in slightly intersecting particles. The topology of these different resonances is related to the induced polarization charges. The implication of these results to surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) are discussed.

©2001 Optical Society of America

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Supplementary Material (10)

Media 1: MOV (271 KB)     
Media 2: MOV (313 KB)     
Media 3: MOV (372 KB)     
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Media 8: MOV (619 KB)     
Media 9: MOV (499 KB)     
Media 10: MOV (377 KB)     

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Figures (9)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. SCS of two 50 nm diameter cylinders with a 5 nm separation. Two different illumination directions, in dicated by the arrows in the inset, are considered. The SCS of a single cylinder is given for comparison (black).

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Field amplitude distribution as a function of the illumination wavelength (indicated on the top of each frame) for (a) an individual cylinder (277KB) and (b), (c) two interacting cylinders with a 5 nm separation (321 and 381KB). The cylinders have 50 nm diameter. For the interacting cylinders two different illumination directions, indicated by the arrow, are considered. Front pictures: Corresponding main resonances (a) λ=344 nm,(b) λ=380 nm and (c) λ=374nm

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Polarization charge distribution at the main resonance for (a) a single cylinder and (b),(c) two interacting cylinders with a separation d=5nm. Illumination direction as indicated. The cylinders have a 50 nm diameter. A different colorscale is used for each part: the charge density is much higher for the coupled cylinders (b) and (c) than for the single cylinder (a).

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Amplitude distribution for two interacting 50nm cylinders for different separation distances d (negative distances correspond to intersecting cylinders) (283KB). The corresponding main resonance wavelength is shown.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. SCS for two 50 nm cylinders illuminated normally to their main axis. Five separation distances are investigated: d=2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 nm.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Spectral variation of the field amplitude distribution for two interacting cylinders illuminated from the top, for different separation distances d: (a) d=2nm (361KB),(b) d=10 nm (359KB),and (c) d=20 nm (313KB). Front pictures: Corresponding main resonances (a) λ=404 (nm),(b) λ=368 (nm),and (c) λ=358 (nm).

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. SCS for two intersecting 50 nm cylinders illuminated from the top. Three intersection distances are investigated: d=-2,-5 and -20nm.

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Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Polarization charge distribution for two intersecting 50 nm cylinders (d=-2 nm) for the resonances at (a) λ=338 nm,(b) λ=430 nm,(c) λ=540nm.

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Fig. 9.
Fig. 9. Field amplitude distribution as a function of the illumination wavelength (indicated on the top of each frame) for two intersecting cylinders illuminated from the top. Different intersection distances are investigated: (a) d=-2 nm (634KB),(b) d=-5 nm (511KB),and (c) d=-20nm (386KB). Front pictures: Corresponding main resonances (a) λ=430 (nm),(b) λ=404 (nm),(c) λ=384 (nm).

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