Abstract
One common source of transmission impairments in lightwave systems comes from pulse amplitude and/or timing jitter induced by amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise [1,2]. Since ASE noise is a stochastic phenomenon, Monte Carlo simulations can be used to determine its effects on a system. The direct calculation of bit error rates through standard Monte Carlo simulations is impossible, however, because error rates are required to be very small, e.g., one error per trillion bits or smaller. As a result, an exceedingly large number of realizations would be needed to observe even a single transmission error, and even more would be required to obtain reliable error estimates. To overcome this limitation, a common approximation is to numerically calculate the relevant variances and then extrapolate into the tails by assuming a Gaussian probability distribution function (pdf). It is clear, however, that nonlinearity and pulse interactions both contribute to make the resulting distributions non-Gaussian [3-5].
© 2002 Optical Society of America
PDF ArticleMore Like This
R. Holzlölmer, C. R. Menyuk, V.S. Grigoryan, and W.L. Kath
CThG5 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO:S&I) 2002
R. Holzlöhner, H.N. Ereifej, G.M. Carter, and C.R. Menyuk
ThQ2 Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2002
G. M. Donovan, W. L. Kath, and E. T. Spiller
JThE76 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO:S&I) 2005