Abstract

Rare-earth (RE) activated transparent optical waveguides are being widely adopted for various photonic applications such as integrated optical amplifiers, on-chip lasers etc. [1,2]. Glass-ceramic waveguides play a significant role to overcome the problems of conventional glass waveguides. RE-activated glass-ceramics are two phase composite materials consisting of nanocrystals embedded in amorphous matrix [3, 4], combining the advantages of optical glasses with the crystal-like environment for RE-ions.

© 2016 Japan Society of Applied Physics, Optical Society of America