Abstract

In this paper a novel integrated optical modulator and switch based on an input grating coupler on a planar waveguide is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Modulation and switching is actuated by varying the small distance d (where $\text{O}<\text{d}{}_{~}^{<}\text{λ}$) between a ‘phase-shifting element’, e.g. a glass plate, and the waveguide in the coupler region by only a few nanometers.

© 1988 Optical Society of America