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  • 2017 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and European Quantum Electronics Conference
  • (Optica Publishing Group, 2017),
  • paper EG_P_21

Optical Detection of Weak Electrical Signals with Hybrid Optoelectro-Mechanical Devices

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Abstract

We have realized a hybrid opto-electro-mechanical system [1], consisting of a radiofrequency (rf) resonator capacitively coupled to a nanomechanical membrane, and read-out at the shot noise level by an optical interferometer. The oscillation of the mechanical resonator can alter the capacitance of the radiofrequency resonator leading to the modulation of transmitted signal. In our setup the rf resonator is a tunable LC circuit with variable resonance frequency between 100 kHz - 1MHz. The quality factor of the resonator is 130. The hybrid system is obtained by capacitively coupling the LC resonator to a high stress, 1×1 mm2, 50 nm-thick, stoichiometric SiN membrane, metalized with a 20 nm-thick Nb film. The distance between the metalized membrane and the electrodes is obtained by fitting the mechanical resonance frequency shift due to applied dc voltage V according to ω = ω0(1−CV2/2m ω02), where ω0 is the zero-bias mechanical resonant frequency, m is the effective mass of the mechanical resonator, and C is a constant that depends upon the geometry of the system (Fig.1). We measured the coupling rate in two independent ways using the electronic signal as well as the reflected optical signal, both yielding a distance between membrane and electrodes of 52 µm. The coupling between the two resonators also manifests itself via Electro-Mechanically-Induced Transparency (EMIT) [1,2], which is an interference effect analogous to Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency (EIT). We have driven the electronic resonator with an rf signal and observed an EMIT transparency window in the transmitted signal (Fig. 2). By reducing the distance and increasing the coupling we expect to reach quantum limited detection of rf signals [3].

© 2017 IEEE

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