Author Affiliations

William P. Putnam,^*,1 Jonathan A. Cox,¹ Alexander Sell,² Alfred Leitenstorfer,² and Franz X. Kärtner^1,3

¹Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

²Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, Brauneggerstraße 55, Konstanz 78457, Germany

³Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany

^*Corresponding author: bputnam@mit.edu