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The nonlinear optical properties of oxide nanomaterials have drawn considerable attention because of their large nonlinear susceptibility χ(3). The third-order nonlinear refractions of oxide nanomaterials in various surrounding matrixes have been reported to be in the wide range from ~3 × 10−18 - ~1 × 10−9 m2/W (~1.93 × 10−11 - ~6.5 × 10−3 esu, (n2 (esu) = (cn○γ(SI))/(40π))),1−3 The third-order nonlinearity of nanomaterials varies in relation to the change of size of nanomaterials, the dielectric constant of surrounding matrix, and the decay rate of surface states.
© 2002 Optical Society of America
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