Abstract

One of the major problems facing multie-length-division-muitiplex (WDM) lightwave systems with erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) cascades is "gain-equalization." Several solutions have been proposed, ranging from the complex external equalization techniques, to the more useful intrinsic methods with optimizing system variables,¹ maintaining high inversion operations,² and optimizing individual EDFA parameters.³ However, these intrinsic techniques are only effective in the band of 1.55 μm, and can not operate properly in the whole 1530-nm-1565-nm spectral range.

© 1996 Optical Society of America