Abstract
We report what we believe to be the first visible-light (657-nm) photopumped operation of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have recently attracted a great deal of interest because of their surface-normal operation, potential for extremely low-threshold currents, ease of fabrication of closely spaced 1 - and 2-D arrays and integration with other devices such as transistors for photonic switching uses. To date, operation of the VCSEL has been limited to the range between 740 nm and ~1.0 μm. We have, for the first time we believe, extended this range into the visible («700 nm) where numerous applications exist including ultrafast holographic memory, visible laser projection displays, replacement of the He-Ne laser, and local area networks based on inexpensive, rugged plastic fibers.
© 1992 Optical Society of America
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