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Compact InGaAsP/InP nonblocking 4 × 4 trench-coupler-based MachZehnder photonic switch fabric

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Abstract

The existing photonic switch matrices usually show the drawbacks of either a large footprint or high cross talk. Here, we propose a compact InGaAsP/InP rearrangeable nonblocking 4×4 photonic switch fabric based on 2×2 Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switch elements in a Benes architecture. Each switch element consists of two frustrated total internal reflection (TIR) couplers and TIR mirrors serving as 90° waveguide bends, forming the square layout configuration of the 2×2 MZI switches. We investigate the design parameters of the switch element and 4×4 photonic switch matrix by using FDTD and transfer matrix methods, respectively. Our analysis results show that the proposed device exhibits an ultracompact chip size of 340μm×120μm, the minimum cross talk of 23dB in the 1.51.6μm wavelength range, the total insertion loss of 3.9dB, the low electrical energy of 0.4pJ/bit, and an operation speed up to 50 GHz. Experimentally, we can demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating 2×2 MZI switches and an operational low-loss trench-coupler. The enabling component of the 2×2 MZI switch can scale its pattern in the 2D directions. This as-formed compact 4×4 switch fabric can be potentially applied in large-scale InP-based photonic integrated circuits.

© 2018 Optical Society of America

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