Directional THz generation in hot Rb vapor excited to a Rydberg state

Mark Lam; Sambit B. Pal; Thibault Vogt; Thibault Vogt; Martin Kiffner; Martin Kiffner; Wenhui Li; Wenhui Li

doi:10.1364/OL.418618

Optics Letters
Vol. 46,
Issue 5,
pp. 1017-1020
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.418618

Directional THz generation in hot Rb vapor excited to a Rydberg state

Mark Lam, Sambit B. Pal, Thibault Vogt, Martin Kiffner, and Wenhui Li

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Mark Lam, Sambit B. Pal, Thibault Vogt, Martin Kiffner, and Wenhui Li, "Directional THz generation in hot Rb vapor excited to a Rydberg state," Opt. Lett. 46, 1017-1020 (2021)

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Abstract

We optically excite $^{85}{\rm Rb}$ atoms in a heated vapor cell to a low-lying Rydberg state $10{{\rm D}_{5/2}}$ and observe directional terahertz (THz) beams at 3.3 THz and 7.8 THz. These THz fields are generated by amplified spontaneous emission from the $10{{\rm D}_{5/2}}$ state to the $11{{\rm P}_{3/2}}$ and $8{{\rm F}_{7/2}}$ states, respectively. In addition, we observe ultraviolet (UV) light produced by four-wave mixing of optical pump lasers and the 3.3 THz field. We characterize the generated THz power over the detuning and power of pump lasers, and identify experimental conditions favoring THz and UV generation, respectively. Our scheme paves a new pathway towards generating high-power narrowband THz radiation.

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$n$	$ν$	$λ$	$\| d_{D P} \|$	$n^{'}$	$ν$	$λ$	$\| d_{D F} \|$
	$10 D_{5 / 2} \to n P_{3 / 2}$				$10 D_{5 / 2} \to n^{'} F_{7 / 2}$
8	71.2	4.2	0.83	5	88.4	3.4	0.65
9	37.7	7.95	1.24	6	48.0	6.25	1.65
10	17.0	17.6	1.44	7	23.6	12.7	4.82
11	3.3	91.2	63.6	8	7.8	38.7	27.68

THz Optics	Efficiency at 3.3 (7.8) THz
Si window	0.4 (0.4)
TPX plate	0.55 (0.5)
BP filter (3.1–3.5 THz)	0.25 ( $\sim 0$ )
BP filter (6.7–8.1 THz)	$\sim 0$ (0.2)
Beam splitter [reflection]	0.9 (0.9)

$n$	$ν$	$λ$	$\| d_{D P} \|$	$n^{'}$	$ν$	$λ$	$\| d_{D F} \|$
	$10 D_{5 / 2} \to n P_{3 / 2}$				$10 D_{5 / 2} \to n^{'} F_{7 / 2}$
8	71.2	4.2	0.83	5	88.4	3.4	0.65
9	37.7	7.95	1.24	6	48.0	6.25	1.65
10	17.0	17.6	1.44	7	23.6	12.7	4.82
11	3.3	91.2	63.6	8	7.8	38.7	27.68

THz Optics	Efficiency at 3.3 (7.8) THz
Si window	0.4 (0.4)
TPX plate	0.55 (0.5)
BP filter (3.1–3.5 THz)	0.25 ( $\sim 0$ )
BP filter (6.7–8.1 THz)	$\sim 0$ (0.2)
Beam splitter [reflection]	0.9 (0.9)

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Optics Letters