Abstract

In photonic lattices with thin-film geometry, TE modes possess an in-plane electric field component parallel to the film surface, whereas TM modes have a magnetic field component similarly oriented. This study reports the essential properties of, and differences between, TE and TM band gaps induced by laterally periodic thin-film photonic lattices at the first Bragg condition. Because TE and TM guided waves obey different wave equations, TE and TM band gaps exhibit different evolution as the film thickness varies. The first TM band exhibits both band gap closure and band flips wherein the symmetry properties of the band-edge modes are reversed by variation of film thickness. In the first TE band, in contrast, there is neither band gap closure nor band flip. The work provides an insightful semianalytical formulation whose results are verified by rigorous computations.

© 2019 Optical Society of America

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