Ultrathin, polarization-insensitive multi-band absorbers based on graphene metasurface with THz sensing application

Saeedeh Barzegar-Parizi; Amir Ebrahimi

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.396266

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 37,
Issue 8,
pp. 2372-2381
(2020)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.396266

Ultrathin, polarization-insensitive multi-band absorbers based on graphene metasurface with THz sensing application

Saeedeh Barzegar-Parizi and Amir Ebrahimi

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Saeedeh Barzegar-Parizi and Amir Ebrahimi, "Ultrathin, polarization-insensitive multi-band absorbers based on graphene metasurface with THz sensing application," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 37, 2372-2381 (2020)

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Abstract

This article presents multi-band plasmonic absorbers based on a graphene array at terahertz frequencies. The absorbers are made of a very simple structure including a graphene disk array printed on the top surface of a dielectric spacer backed by a metallic ground plane. Multi-band performance is achieved with more than 90% absorption in the 1–8 THz frequency range by exciting surface plasmon polaritons of graphene. It is shown that the resonance frequencies of the proposed absorber can be tuned by varying the chemical potential between 0.8–1 eV for a triple-band absorber and 0.7–0.9 eV for a quad-band one, while keeping more than 80% absorption. The results obtained by means of full-wave simulation are verified with the results obtained by the analytical circuit model. The proposed absorbers are polarization-insensitive and provide stable absorption performance for both of the TE and TM polarizations. As an application, we designed a refractive index sensor based on the triple-band absorber. The results verify that the absorption bands are sensitive to the variations of the refractive index of the coating layer.

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Equations (13)

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$E_{f}$ (eV)	$f$ (THz)	Abs.
0.7	1.48	0.996
	3.99	0.7
	5.24	0.83
0.8	1.55	0.991
	4.26	0.82
	5.61	0.91
0.9	1.62	0.98
	4.48	0.95
	5.93	0.95
1	1.68	0.92
	4.76	0.97
	6.29	0.88

$τ$ (ps)	1	2.5	4
Abs.	0.97	0.93	0.77
	0.69	0.96	0.98
	0.72	0.97	0.99

$d$ (µm)	$S$ (THz/RIU)	FWHM (THz)	FOM ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )
0.5	0.09	0.12	0.75
	0.23	0.093	2.47
	0.47	0.122	3.7
1	0.125	0.12	1.04
	0.35	0.093	3.8
	0.6	0.122	4.8
1.5	0.15	0.12	1.25
	0.41	0.093	4.1
	0.65	0.122	5.3

Ref.	Configuration	Number of Bands	Abs. Bands (THz)	$Q$ -Factor	Polarization Sensitive	Angular Stability (Absorption Higher than 80%)	Normalized Sensitivity ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	FOM ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )
[36]	The graphene patch on grounded dielectric spacer	Single-band	9.88	36	Yes	60°	0.26	9.5
[37]	Array of graphene elliptical ring on dielectric layer	Single-band	5.55	13.5	Yes	Maximum of absorption is 49.2%	0.25	3.4
[38]	Periodical graphene	Dual-band	4.02	13.4	Yes	N.A	0.2	2.7
	pattern on dielectric spacer and Au layer and Si substrate		13.3	44			0.22	10
[39]	The hybrid structure	Multi-band	15	32	Yes	60°	0.27	12.5
	of the rectangular		27.2	42			0.28	12.5
	graphene grating and grounded substrate		35.9	85			0.28	24.5
[40]	2 layer including graphene patterned array and graphene sheet	Multi-band	1.55	10.3	Yes	70°	0.0425	0.44
This	Periodic array of	Multi-band	1.6	12.5	No	70°	0.093	1.25
work	graphene disks on		4.45	50			0.092	4.1
	grounded dielectric spacer		5.9	50			0.11	5.3

$E_{f}$ (eV)	$f$ (THz)	Abs.
0.7	1.48	0.996
	3.99	0.7
	5.24	0.83
0.8	1.55	0.991
	4.26	0.82
	5.61	0.91
0.9	1.62	0.98
	4.48	0.95
	5.93	0.95
1	1.68	0.92
	4.76	0.97
	6.29	0.88

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Tables (4)

Equations (13)

Journal of the Optical Society of America B