Abstract

Abbe diffraction limit has always been an important subject in conventional far-field focusing and imaging systems, where the resolution of an image is usually limited to $0.5\lambda /\mathrm{NA}$. Recently, the studies of the optical super-oscillation lens (SOL) enable us to break the limitation in both theory and practice successfully. Here a genetic algorithm was introduced to design the SOL phase more controllably and precisely obtain much better focusing such as the focal spot with $0.105\lambda /\mathrm{NA}$ (or 79.0% minification) in the simulation and 65.5% minification in the experimental demonstration. This technique is of great significance in advanced optical lithography or biology microscopy, because it promises non-invasive unlabelled imaging from the far field.

© 2019 Optical Society of America

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