Two uniform patches presented on two displays under identical viewing conditions can appear as the same color to one observer but as mismatched colors to another observer. This phenomenon, called observer metamerism (OM), occurs due to individual differences in color matching functions. To avoid its potentially adverse impacts in display calibration and characterization, it is desirable to have a predictive model of OM. In this work, we report the computational results of how to use existing metrics to quantify the potential OM between commercial display pairs and a proposed OM metric that is verified through a psychophysical experiment.
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For each pair identified in the first column, different metrics are shown in the third to fifth columns. The numbers highlighted in bold indicate the display pairs having larger $ {{\rm POM}_2} $ values. The second column lists the number of metamers matched by display characterization.
Table 2.
Colorimetric Values and OM Levels of Selected Stimulia
Stimulus Index
of Display B
of Display A
of B Minus A
1-S
80.0
81.9
96.6
0.023
0.225
−0.202
2-S
86.2
95.4
118.0
0.023
0.267
−0.244
3-S
64.6
79.2
322.0
0.401
0.199
0.202
4-S
33.6
55.0
327.2
0.198
0.010
0.188
5-S
61.9
40.4
37.1
0.075
0.081
−0.006
6-S
62.8
39.9
271.9
0.326
0.323
0.003
7-S
44.0
11.4
95.2
0.019
0.003
0.016
8-S
21.9
19.5
155.1
0.000
0.000
0.000
9-S
37.6
60.2
290.6
0.340
0.349
−0.009
10-S
71.8
23.6
134.4
0.080
0.071
0.009
The “S” following the stimulus indices denotes simulated stimuli before calibration. Those with higher probability of being chosen as larger mismatch are highlighted in bold (see also the signs in the last column $ \Delta {{\rm POM}_2} $).
Table 3.
Residual Color Differences for the Standard Observer and OM Differences of Measured Stimulia
Stimulus Index
DE00 of Ref. Left versus Ref. Right
DE00 of A versus Ref. Left
DE00 of B versus Ref. Right
of B Minus A
1-M
0.35
0.62
0.72
−0.254
2-M
0.28
1.17
0.55
−0.882
3-M
0.77
1.07
0.55
−0.384
4-M
0.80
0.54
0.60
0.252
5-M
0.88
0.67
0.76
0.418
6-M
0.60
0.57
0.48
−0.139
7-M
1.03
0.33
0.76
0.112
8-M
0.42
0.64
0.21
0.000
9-M
0.65
0.69
0.91
−0.222
10-M
1.08
0.85
0.68
0.431
11-M
1.07
0.89
8.07
0.864
12-M
0.83
11.34
0.53
−0.729
13-M
1.07
1.05
13.06
0.742
The “M” following the stimulus indices denotes measured stimuli after local calibration. Regarding $ \Delta {{\rm POM}_2} $, numbers in bold denote that display B will be more likely to be selected.
For each pair identified in the first column, different metrics are shown in the third to fifth columns. The numbers highlighted in bold indicate the display pairs having larger $ {{\rm POM}_2} $ values. The second column lists the number of metamers matched by display characterization.
Table 2.
Colorimetric Values and OM Levels of Selected Stimulia
Stimulus Index
of Display B
of Display A
of B Minus A
1-S
80.0
81.9
96.6
0.023
0.225
−0.202
2-S
86.2
95.4
118.0
0.023
0.267
−0.244
3-S
64.6
79.2
322.0
0.401
0.199
0.202
4-S
33.6
55.0
327.2
0.198
0.010
0.188
5-S
61.9
40.4
37.1
0.075
0.081
−0.006
6-S
62.8
39.9
271.9
0.326
0.323
0.003
7-S
44.0
11.4
95.2
0.019
0.003
0.016
8-S
21.9
19.5
155.1
0.000
0.000
0.000
9-S
37.6
60.2
290.6
0.340
0.349
−0.009
10-S
71.8
23.6
134.4
0.080
0.071
0.009
The “S” following the stimulus indices denotes simulated stimuli before calibration. Those with higher probability of being chosen as larger mismatch are highlighted in bold (see also the signs in the last column $ \Delta {{\rm POM}_2} $).
Table 3.
Residual Color Differences for the Standard Observer and OM Differences of Measured Stimulia
Stimulus Index
DE00 of Ref. Left versus Ref. Right
DE00 of A versus Ref. Left
DE00 of B versus Ref. Right
of B Minus A
1-M
0.35
0.62
0.72
−0.254
2-M
0.28
1.17
0.55
−0.882
3-M
0.77
1.07
0.55
−0.384
4-M
0.80
0.54
0.60
0.252
5-M
0.88
0.67
0.76
0.418
6-M
0.60
0.57
0.48
−0.139
7-M
1.03
0.33
0.76
0.112
8-M
0.42
0.64
0.21
0.000
9-M
0.65
0.69
0.91
−0.222
10-M
1.08
0.85
0.68
0.431
11-M
1.07
0.89
8.07
0.864
12-M
0.83
11.34
0.53
−0.729
13-M
1.07
1.05
13.06
0.742
The “M” following the stimulus indices denotes measured stimuli after local calibration. Regarding $ \Delta {{\rm POM}_2} $, numbers in bold denote that display B will be more likely to be selected.
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