Abstract

We analyze a family of modulation formats based on multidimensional position modulation (MDPM) with multiple pulses per frame ( $K$ -over- $L$ -MDPM) in combination with quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), polarization multiplexed QPSK (PM-QPSK) and polarization-switched QPSK (PS-QPSK) for coherent communication systems. MDPM is a generalization of pulse position modulation where different pulse slots can be realized by time slots, polarization states, frequencies, modes of multimode fibers, cores in multicore fibers or a combination of these. We show that by using $K$ -over- $L$ -MDPM with QPSK, it is possible to simultaneously increase both the spectral efficiency and the asymptotic power efficiency over QPSK. We also identify $K$ -ary inverse-MDPM ( $K$ iMDPM-QPSK) as the special case of $K$ -over-( $K-1$ )-MDPM and show that 4iMDPM-QPSK has a 1.25 dB increased asymptotic power efficiency over QPSK with a maintained spectral efficiency.

© 2014 IEEE

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