Illumination uniformity of an LD&#x00A0;and LED hybrid lighting system applied to&#x00A0;plant&#x00A0;growth

Ke Xu; Lina Zeng; Zaijin Li; Hao Chen; Zhongliang Qiao; Yi Qu; Guojun Liu; Lin Li

doi:10.1364/AO.477598

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 36,
pp. 10717-10726
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.477598

Illumination uniformity of an LD and LED hybrid lighting system applied to plant growth

Ke Xu, Lina Zeng, Zaijin Li, Hao Chen, Zhongliang Qiao, Yi Qu, Guojun Liu, and Lin Li

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Ke Xu, Lina Zeng, Zaijin Li, Hao Chen, Zhongliang Qiao, Yi Qu, Guojun Liu, and Lin Li, "Illumination uniformity of an LD and LED hybrid lighting system applied to plant growth," Appl. Opt. 61, 10717-10726 (2022)

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Abstract

To develop a current plant lighting source with both a suitable illumination area and high illumination uniformity, we propose a lighting system for plant growth based on the combination of laser diode and LED lighting modes. We added a triangular-prism-shaped base plate element to the previous array type optical structure to increase the light coupling degree and expand the illumination area. The Taguchi method was used in our design and experiment, and the influence of different factors on the illumination uniformity was studied and compared to the lighting effect of a traditional array floor structure. Finally, a plant lighting source with an illumination uniformity of 88.54% and color-mixing uniformity of 84.75% was obtained. Compared to the commonly adopted array structure, this plant lighting source expands the illumination area by 31.03%, which verifies the effectiveness of the scheme.

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Supplementary Material (10)

Name	Description
Dataset 1	This document describes the basic drawing data of Figure 3 (a)
Dataset 2	This document describes the basic drawing data of Figure 3 (b)
Dataset 3	This document describes the data of each point in the A1B3C3D2 structure irradiance distribution map
Dataset 4	This document describes the chromaticity coordinates of each point in A1B3C3D2 structure chromaticity distribution diagram
Dataset 5	This document describes the chromaticity coordinates of each point in the A1B3C3D2 structure full-color distribution diagram
Dataset 6	This document describes the basic drawing data of Figure 5
Dataset 7	This document describes the basic drawing data of Figure 6
Dataset 8	This document describes the data of each point in the A1B3C3D2E1 structure irradiance distribution map
Dataset 9	This document describes the chromaticity coordinates of each point in A1B3C3D2E1 structure chromaticity distribution diagram
Dataset 10	This document describes the chromaticity coordinates of each point in the A1B3C3D2E1 structure full-color distribution diagram

Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Time (Year)	Experimental Scheme	Illumination Uniformity	Weakness
2021	Arrange red and blue LED arrays in the incubator, and place mirrors inside the incubator to increase the light source coupling path [14].	87.22%	(1) The lighting area is limited. (2) Cannot be applied to the application scenes that need a large-area light supplement in the open air.
2021	An improved pigeon inspired optimization algorithm is proposed to design the uniform illumination of an LED array. This algorithm further improves the illumination uniformity while reducing the optimization time [23].	93.64%	(1) A random defect in the arrangement of light sources is unavoidable. (2) The relationship between the illumination area and the illumination uniformity was not considered.
2020	The mathematical models of LED and LD light sources are established, and the spacing between the two light sources is optimized by using particle swarm optimization [22].	85.30%	A defect of randomness in the arrangement of light sources still existed.
2020	Based on Snell’s law and the edge ray principle, a beam shaping system with a dual line Fresnel lens is proposed to improve the spot uniformity [24].	78%	The introduction of two Fresnel lenses reduces the energy utilization.

Code Name	Impact factor	Interval of 1	Interval of 2	Interval of 3
A	H	100 mm	200 mm	300 mm
B	b	10 mm	15 mm	20 mm
C	$l_{1}$	10 mm	15 mm	20 mm
D	$l_{2}$	10 mm	15 mm	20 mm

Experiment Number	A	B	C	D	Illumination Uniformity/%	Color-mixing Uniformity/%	SNR of Illumination Uniformity	SNR of Color-mixing Uniformity
1	1	1	1	1	73.8%	84.7%	37.36	38.62
2	1	2	2	2	78.6%	81.6%	37.91	38.23
3	1	3	3	3	87.5%	75.1%	38.84	37.51
4	2	1	2	3	86.0%	72.7%	38.69	37.23
5	2	2	3	1	90.1%	69.7%	39.09	36.87
6	2	3	1	2	88.3%	90.5%	38.92	39.13
7	3	1	3	2	88.1%	75.2%	38.90	37.53
8	3	2	1	3	82.8%	75.2%	38.36	37.53
9	3	3	2	1	91.0%	80.6%	39.18	38.13

Impact Factor E		Illumination Uniformity %	Color-mixing Uniformity %
E1	160°	88.54%	84.75%
E2	140°	88.03%	78.74%
E3	120°	88.07%	74.63%
E4	100°	88.86%	68.03%
E5	80°	88.24%	54.64%
E6	60°	87.81%	45.87%
E7	40°	89.52%	38.91%

Time (Year)	Experimental Scheme	Illumination Uniformity	Weakness
2021	Arrange red and blue LED arrays in the incubator, and place mirrors inside the incubator to increase the light source coupling path [14].	87.22%	(1) The lighting area is limited. (2) Cannot be applied to the application scenes that need a large-area light supplement in the open air.
2021	An improved pigeon inspired optimization algorithm is proposed to design the uniform illumination of an LED array. This algorithm further improves the illumination uniformity while reducing the optimization time [23].	93.64%	(1) A random defect in the arrangement of light sources is unavoidable. (2) The relationship between the illumination area and the illumination uniformity was not considered.
2020	The mathematical models of LED and LD light sources are established, and the spacing between the two light sources is optimized by using particle swarm optimization [22].	85.30%	A defect of randomness in the arrangement of light sources still existed.
2020	Based on Snell’s law and the edge ray principle, a beam shaping system with a dual line Fresnel lens is proposed to improve the spot uniformity [24].	78%	The introduction of two Fresnel lenses reduces the energy utilization.

Abstract

Supplementary Material (10)

Data availability

Cited By

Figures (7)

Tables (4)

Equations (13)

Applied Optics