Multifunctional graphene-based optoelectronic structure based on a Fabry–Perot cavity enhanced by a metallic nanoantenna

Behnam Jafari; Elnaz Gholizadeh

doi:10.1364/AO.471989

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 36,
pp. 10658-10668
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.471989

Multifunctional graphene-based optoelectronic structure based on a Fabry–Perot cavity enhanced by a metallic nanoantenna

Behnam Jafari and Elnaz Gholizadeh

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Behnam Jafari and Elnaz Gholizadeh, "Multifunctional graphene-based optoelectronic structure based on a Fabry–Perot cavity enhanced by a metallic nanoantenna," Appl. Opt. 61, 10658-10668 (2022)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Optical Devices, Sensors, and Detectors
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: August 5, 2022
- Revised Manuscript: November 2, 2022
- Manuscript Accepted: November 9, 2022
- Published: December 12, 2022

Abstract

Optical communications systems are continuously miniaturized to integrate several previously separate optoelectronic devices, organized with silicon-based incorporated circuits, onto a distinct substrate. Modulators and photodetectors have essential roles in photonic systems and operate with different mechanisms. Integrating them into one device is complex and challenging, but these multifunctional devices have numerous advantages. This article uses a graphene/hBN-based structure to modulate, detect, and absorb any signal with the desired frequency in the THz range. The proposed system comprises one unpatterned graphene sheet embedded in bulk hBN with the periodic gold/palladium nanostructure beneath and below it. The perfect absorption, a modulation depth of 100%, and photodetection of more than 20 A/W at any desired frequency can be verified.

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Supplementary Material (1)

Name	Description
Supplement 1	This supplemental document is a necessity for both response to reviewers and the final published manuscript

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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$W_{g}$ (nm)	800					600
$L_{g}$ (nm)	15	50		100	200	200	400	600
$R$ (A/W)	4.30	9		12	13.81	14.3	15	15.7
NEP ( $P w / \sqrt{H z}$ )	1.96	2.59		1.51	2.05	2.28	1.63	1.6
$D * (J o n e s \times 10^{6})$	0.98	1.66		2.84	2.1	1.9	2.64	2.8
$I_{d a r k} (µ A)$	220	300		205	505	662	374	186
$f$ (THz)	8	12.36		12.8	13.36	14.5	15.1	15.8
$f_{3 d B}$ (THz)	79.3	32.4		11.5	13.72	24	6.78	2.25
EQE (%)	40	43		63	76	86%	94	95
$V_{d s}$ (V)	0.05	0.1		0.1	0.4	0.7	0.7	0.7
$I_{o f f} / I_{o n}$ ( $10^{- 6}$ )	8.43	9.09		7.11	21.9	28.7	18.7	18.5
$W_{g}$ (nm)	400				200
$L_{g}$ (nm)	200	400	600	800	200	400	600	800
RA (A/W)	12.1	12	11.51	11.4	11	11	11.6	12
NEP ( $P w / \sqrt{H z}$ )	1.65	1.55	1.45	1.52	1.4	1.0	2.03	1.6
D*(Jones)	2.61	2.78	3.0	2.84	2.9	4.1	3.2	4.5
$I_{d a r k} (µ A)$	252	214	174	190	157	89.	155	11
$f$ (THz)	15.7	16.2	16.71	16.9	17	18.	18.7	19
$f_{3 d B}$ (THz)	13.7	5.81	3.151	2.59	17	4.8	5.62	1.2
EQE (%)	80	80	79.6	78	81	87	52	82
$V_{d s}$ (V)	0.4	0.6	0.7	1	0.5	0.5	1.25	1.2
$I_{o f f} / I_{o n} (10^{- 6})$	13.8	14.2	13.38	14.7	10	6.4	11.8	7.2

Abstract

Supplementary Material (1)

Data availability

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Tables (1)

Equations (3)

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