Abstract
A UV ozone differential-absorption lidar (DIAL) utilizing a Nd:YAG laser and a single Raman cell filled with carbon dioxide is designed, developed, and evaluated. The generated wavelengths are 276, 287, and , comprising the first to third Stokes lines of the stimulated Raman scattering technique. The correction terms originated from the aerosol extinction, the backscatter, and the absorption by other gases are estimated using a model atmosphere. The experimental results demonstrate that the emitted output energies were 13 mJ∕pulse at and and at , with pump energy of 91 mJ∕pulse and a pressure of 0.7 MPa. The three Stokes lines account for 44.0% of the available energy. The use of argon or helium as a buffer gas in the Raman cell was also investigated, but this leads to a dramatic decrease in the third Stokes line, which makes this wavelength practically unusable. Our observations confirmed that 30 min of integration were sufficient to observe ozone concentration profiles up to . Aerosol extinction and backscatter correction are estimated and applied. The aerosol backscatter correction profile using 287 and as reference wavelengths is compared with that using . The estimated statistical error is less than 5% at and 10% at . Comparisons with the operational carbon–iodine type chemical ozonesondes demonstrate 20% overestimation of the ozone profiles by the DIAL technique.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
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