Abstract
Channel waveguides based on a polymer, 6-fluorinated-dianhydride/epoxy, which is actively doped with a Nd complex, 1,10-phenanthroline, are fabricated by a simple and reproducible procedure, spin coating a photodefinable cladding polymer onto a thermally oxidized silicon wafer, photopatterning, backfilling with the active core polymer, and spin coating with an upper cladding layer. Photoluminescence at from the ions with a lifetime of is observed. Optical gain at is demonstrated in channel waveguides with different concentrations. By accounting for the waveguide loss of , an internal net gain of is demonstrated for a -long channel waveguide amplifier. Owing to the nature of the complex, energy-transfer upconversion affects the gain only at concentrations above .
© 2009 Optical Society of America
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