We develop new generalized four-wave-model-based waveguide mode equations for both isotropic and anisotropic systems by taking into account the influence of the incident light. These new mode equations eliminate the inherent deficiency in the conventional waveguide model, in which the action of incident light was neglected. Further, a peak-value-search (PVS) numerical method is developed to solve the four-wave-model-based mode equations. The PVS method has significant advantages in that accurate refractive index and thickness can be obtained without prior knowledge of the thickness of the air gap.
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values determined by Ren et al.11
with an anisotropic prism waveguide coupler, and the air-gap thickness is set to 0 for calculating the thin-film refractive index.
values determined by Tien et al.20
with an isotropic prism waveguide coupler, and the refractive index of the thin film
was calculated by Kersten.10
The air-gap thickness was artificially set to 0.3 μm.
values determined by Ulrich and Torge2
with an isotropic prism waveguide coupler, and the air-gap thickness is assumed to be ∞ for calculating the thin-film refractive index.
The refractive-index values are determined by use of conventional mode equations (see notes of Table 4
).
The refractive-index values are determined by use of the four-wave approach without any assumption of the thickness of the air gap.
Tables (5)
Table 1
Parameters for the Model Prism Waveguide Coupler and the
Values Determined with Thin-Film Optics
values determined by Ren et al.11
with an anisotropic prism waveguide coupler, and the air-gap thickness is set to 0 for calculating the thin-film refractive index.
values determined by Tien et al.20
with an isotropic prism waveguide coupler, and the refractive index of the thin film
was calculated by Kersten.10
The air-gap thickness was artificially set to 0.3 μm.
values determined by Ulrich and Torge2
with an isotropic prism waveguide coupler, and the air-gap thickness is assumed to be ∞ for calculating the thin-film refractive index.
The refractive-index values are determined by use of conventional mode equations (see notes of Table 4
).
The refractive-index values are determined by use of the four-wave approach without any assumption of the thickness of the air gap.