Abstract
One-dimensional focusing and diffraction techniques for thin-film optical waveguides are examined in terms of their effectiveness and fabrication requirements. Impetus for the study is derived from potential application of optical planar guided waves to analog signal-processing systems. Methods of altering modal-phase velocities to achieve ray deflection are investigated and include the use of substrate and film-embedded refractive-index discontinuities, multilayer films, thickness-profiled layers, and absorptive-material deposition on the guiding films. Thin-film lenses having f numbers as low as 2 to 3 may be fabricated by vacuum deposition of high-index materials, such as CeO2. Experimental results obtained with glass-sputtered films illustrating basic operation of thin-film lenses, gratings, and prisms are presented.
© 1971 Optical Society of America
Full Article | PDF ArticleMore Like This
R. Ulrich and R. J. Martin
Appl. Opt. 10(9) 2077-2085 (1971)
R. Ulrich
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61(11) 1467-1477 (1971)
John N. Polky and Gordon L. Mitchell
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 64(3) 274-279 (1974)