Abstract
Nondestructive Raman spectroscopy and external-beam proton-induced X-ray
emission (PIXE) technique to analyze eight ancient glasses unearthed from the
provinces of Henan, Hubei, and Jiangsu, which allowes for a good characterization of
the glass matrix and chemical compositions, is carried out. The results indicate
that all the eight glass samples could be typically divided into three systems:
faience (sample No. SZWG-4), PbO-BaO-SiO2 (sample Nos. NYWKI-5-1, HNWKII-88, and
HNWKII-84), and Na2OCaO-SiO2 (sample Nos. HBWKI-16, HBWKI-17, HBWKI-18, and SZWG-1).
Additional relationships between the Raman spectra and parameters, such as residues
of raw materials and opacifying agent, are also discussed by respectively comparing
them with similar glass samples excavated from other historical sites.
© 2011 Chinese Optics Letters
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