Abstract
This study proposes a three-lens configuration for generating a stable donutlike vortex laser beam with controlled Ince–Gaussian mode (IGM) operation in the model of laser-diode (LD)-pumped solid-state lasers. Simply controlling the lateral off-axis position of the pump beam's focus on the laser crystal can generate a desired donutlike vortex beam from the proposed simple and easily made three-lens configuration, a proposed astigmatic mode converter assembled into one body with a concave–convex laser cavity.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
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