We have developed a Monte Carlo code that utilizes the complete Stokes
vector to examine the structure of the degree of linear polarization in the
complete observable solid angle at any level in an atmosphere–ocean
system. By performing these calculations we are able to compute the positions
of neutral points in the upwelling light above and beneath the ocean surface.
The locations of these points in a single-scatter calculation and a Monte
Carlo treatment are shown for various conditions. The presence of aerosols in
the atmosphere and hydrosols in the ocean was found to have an effect on the
location of these neutral points.
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ri is the mean radius,
τm is the optical thickness of the maritime haze
layer, τc is the optical
thickness of the continental haze layer,
τr is the optical thickness
of the Rayleigh scattering layer, log
σi* is the standard deviation in log
ri,
Ni is the
number of particles of type i, ni is the refractive index of
particles of type i at 550 nm, and ω
0 is the single-scattering albedo.
Upper layer;
τc = 0.025, and
τr =
0.114.
Bottom layer;
τm = 0.05, and
τr =
0.031.
Table 2
Optical Parameters of the Ocean Used in the
Calculationsa
All parameters except
ω0 are in units of inverse meters.
Absorption coefficient (Ref.
6).
Scattering coefficient for salt
water (Ref. 6).
Hydrosol scattering coefficient
(Ref. 7).
Raman scattering coefficient
(Ref. 8).
Total extinction coefficient;
c = a +
bsw + bhyd.
ω0 =
(bsw +
bhyd)/c.
ri is the mean radius,
τm is the optical thickness of the maritime haze
layer, τc is the optical
thickness of the continental haze layer,
τr is the optical thickness
of the Rayleigh scattering layer, log
σi* is the standard deviation in log
ri,
Ni is the
number of particles of type i, ni is the refractive index of
particles of type i at 550 nm, and ω
0 is the single-scattering albedo.
Upper layer;
τc = 0.025, and
τr =
0.114.
Bottom layer;
τm = 0.05, and
τr =
0.031.
Table 2
Optical Parameters of the Ocean Used in the
Calculationsa
All parameters except
ω0 are in units of inverse meters.
Absorption coefficient (Ref.
6).
Scattering coefficient for salt
water (Ref. 6).
Hydrosol scattering coefficient
(Ref. 7).
Raman scattering coefficient
(Ref. 8).
Total extinction coefficient;
c = a +
bsw + bhyd.
ω0 =
(bsw +
bhyd)/c.
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