I. P. Kaminow, L. W. Stulz, E. A. Chandross, and C. A. Pryde, "Photobleaching of Organic Laser Dyes in Solid Matrices," Appl. Opt. 11, 1563-1567 (1972)
A technique is described for measuring the rate of photobleaching of anisotropic dye molecules in solid polymer matrices. Three dyes of different classes in two matrices (PMMA and epoxy resin) show bleaching rates that differ by a factor of 20. The bleaching rate is linearly proportional to the intensity of incident radiation, indicating a one-photon process; bleaching is probably due to a chemical reaction of the dye in its first excited singlet or lowest triplet state.
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Recrystallized rhodamine 6G from Baker Chemical by J. E. Bjorkholm. [σmax (534) = 4 × 10−16 cm2.]
PMMA. The dye was dissolved in purified methyl methacrylate and the concentration adjusted to give an absorbance of the desired value at 515 nm. The polymerization catalyst was azoisobutyronitrile (1 mg per 10 ml). The solution was deoxygenated with a nitrogen stream, and the glass container (jar or test tube) was then sealed and kept at 45–50° until polymerization was complete, typically 3 days. The absorbance of the final material was essentially the same as that of the original solution even though polymerization causes a decrease in volume of ~20%; presumably some of the dye is destroyed by chemical reactions during polymerization.
uv-sensitive. Ref. 5.
As received from National Aniline.
Epoxy resin. It is necessary to use an acid-cured resin because rhodamine, a cationic dye, is destroyed by the amines normally used as one-component epoxy resins. A solution of rhodamine 6G (1 ml, 0.25 mg ml−1) in methanol was added to crystalline DER 332 resin. Most of the methanol was removed with a stream of nitrogen and the resin was then melted (40–50°) and the dye dissolved. The catalyst (trimethosyboroxine, 0.8 g) was added, and the mixture was kept overnight at ~60° and then for 1 h at 150°. Phenolic and aliphatic epoxy resins give similar results.
Triphenodioxyzine dye [prepared according to H. Musso, D. Döpp, and J. Kuhls, Chem. Ber. 98, 3937 (1965)]. [σmax (503 nm) = 2.4 × 10−16 cm2.]
Isoquinoline red dye [prepared according to J. E. G. Harris and W. J. Pope, J. Chem. Soc. (London), 1029 (1922)]. [σmax (536 nm) = 0.9 × 10−16 cm2.]
Ref. 11.