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Scaling up the energy of THz pulses created by optical rectification

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Abstract

The possibility for up-scaling the energy of sub-ps THz pulses generated by tilted pulse front excitation is demonstrated. Using 150-fs-long 500 μJ optical pump pulses at 800 nm up to 240 nJ THz pulse energy has been achieved. For a 1.2 mm2 pump spot area, the energy conversion efficiency of pump energy to THz pulse energy had a maximum of 5 × 10-4 at 300 μJ pump pulse energy. The corresponding photon conversion efficiency amounts to 10 %. For comparison, the maximum attainable THz pulse energy was limited to 3.1 nJ if a line focusing excitation geometry was utilized. This limit was reached at 32 μJ pump energy. For the latter configuration the THz energy dropped for larger pump energies. The tilted pulse front excitation allows further up-scaling of the THz pulse energy by using a larger pump spot size and still stronger pump pulses.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Measured energy of THz pulses generated by the tilted pulse front (red circles) and line focusing (open blue squares) set-ups versus the energy of the 780 nm pump laser pulses (upper left part). Energy conversion efficiency versus the pump energy for the tilted pulse front set-up (lower right part).
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Measured energy of THz pulses generated by the tilted pulse front (red circles) and the line focusing (blue squares) set-ups versus pump intensity. The THz pulse energy values for the line focusing set-up are multiplied by 26.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (1.3 MB) Numerical simulation of THz pulses generated in LiNbO3. Top panel: the pump pulse is focused from the left to a line perpendicular to the plane of display. Bottom panel: tilted pulse front set-up with an input pulse extending from -80 to + 80 μm. Red and yellow denote a positive amplitude of the electric field, blue a negative one.

Equations (1)

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E THz = C V m τ S ,
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