Abstract
We describe an ultralow-threshold continuous wave microfluidic dye laser based on a hollow-core metal-cladding optical waveguide (HCMW) with cavity dimensions of millimeter scale. The high quality factor Q, spontaneous emission coupling factor β and enhancement ratio η of the HCMW chip strengthen the interaction between gain medium and the ultrahigh order modes (UOMs), hence a room-temperature lasing can be effectively pumped by a continuous laser of very low intensity. Rhodamine B, 6G and Methylene blue are chosen to verify the applicability of the concept, where Methylene blue has not been applied as laser dye before due to the issue of quenching. Lasers are emitted from the chip surface in the form of concentric cones when the pumped laser is well coupled into the UOMs. For Methylene blue with concentration of 2.57*10−13 mol/ml, the operated lasing can be observed with the launched pump threshold as low as 2.1 μW/cm2.
© 2017 Optical Society of America
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