Abstract
Quantum information science (QIS) offers ways to process information that are not realizable with classical information technology. Today, many QIS applications are based on photons, which can carry information in different degrees of freedom: polarization, transverse spatial mode and frequency. Although polarization is the most widely used basis, it is intrinsically restricted to two dimensions which ultimately limits its potential for QIS. Transverse spatial modes on the other hand have received a lot of attention when the orbital angular momentum (OAM) states of photons have been recognized as suitable basis states for high-dimensional QIS. However, since information is encoded into spatial field modes, OAM states are inherently incompatible with integrated network architectures based on single-mode fibers and thus of limited use for practical applications.
© 2015 IEEE
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