Experimental and theoretical study of a passively Q-switched Nd:LuAG laser at 1.3&#x2009;&#x2009;&#x3BC;m with a V<sup>3+</sup>:YAG saturable absorber

Cheng Liu; Shengzhi Zhao; Guiqiu Li; Kejian Yang; Dechun Li; Tao Li; Wenchao Qiao; Tianli Feng; Xintian Chen; Xiaodong Xu; Lihe Zheng; Jun Xu

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.32.001001

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 32,
Issue 5,
pp. 1001-1006
(2015)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.32.001001

Experimental and theoretical study of a passively Q-switched Nd:LuAG laser at 1.3 μm with a V³⁺:YAG saturable absorber

Cheng Liu, Shengzhi Zhao, Guiqiu Li, Kejian Yang, Dechun Li, Tao Li, Wenchao Qiao, Tianli Feng, Xintian Chen, Xiaodong Xu, Lihe Zheng, and Jun Xu

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Cheng Liu, Shengzhi Zhao, Guiqiu Li, Kejian Yang, Dechun Li, Tao Li, Wenchao Qiao, Tianli Feng, Xintian Chen, Xiaodong Xu, Lihe Zheng, and Jun Xu, "Experimental and theoretical study of a passively Q-switched Nd:LuAG laser at 1.3 μm with a V³⁺:YAG saturable absorber," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 32, 1001-1006 (2015)

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Abstract

We report the characteristics of a diode-pumped continuous-wave (CW) and passively $Q$ -switched Nd:LuAG laser emitting 1.3 μm wavelength. A maximum average output power of 954 mW was obtained under CW operation, giving a slope efficiency of 14.7%. With an $V^{3 +} : YAG$ crystal wafer employed as saturable absorber, the passively $Q$ -switched Nd:LuAG laser produced a minimum pulse duration of 17 ns under a repetition rate of 8 kHz, and a maximum single pulse energy of 18.9 μJ. A rate equation model is introduced to theoretically analyze the results obtained in the experiment, in which the Gaussian spatial distribution of the intracavity photon density and the longitudinal distribution of the photon density along the cavity axis are taken into account. The results of numerical calculations of the rate equations are consistent with the experimental results. The results indicated the Nd:LuAG crystal as a promising gain medium for achieving short pulses with high energy at 1.3 μm.

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Crystals	Intrinsic Loss	Emission Cross Section ( $\times 10^{- 19} {cm}^{2}$ )	Upper-Level Lifetime (μs)	Quantum Yield	Ref.
Nd:LuAG	0.01	0.5	277	0.7	This work
Nd:YAG	0.03	0.7	230	–	[24]
${Nd : GdLuYVO}_{4}$	0.012	0.47	96	1 ^a	[26]
Nd:LGGG	0.021	0.37	250	1 ^a	[17]
Nd:GAGG	0.024	0.274	228	1 ^a	[25]

Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
$σ$	$5 \times 10^{- 20} {cm}^{2}$	$n_{s 0}$	$2 \times 10^{17} {cm}^{- 3}$
$σ_{g}$	$7.2 \times 10^{- 18} {cm}^{2}$	$l$	1 cm
$σ_{e}$	$7.4 \times 10^{- 19} {cm}^{2}$	$l_{s}$	0.5 mm
$α$	$0.75 {cm}^{- 1}$	$L_{p}$	5 cm
$τ$	277 μs	$L$	0.01
$n_{1}$	1.83	$ω_{s}$	186 μm
$n_{2}$	1.80	$ω_{g}$	207 μm
$τ_{s}$	22 ns	$ω_{l}$	202 μm
$ω_{p}$	200 μm

Crystals	Intrinsic Loss	Emission Cross Section ( $\times 10^{- 19} {cm}^{2}$ )	Upper-Level Lifetime (μs)	Quantum Yield	Ref.
Nd:LuAG	0.01	0.5	277	0.7	This work
Nd:YAG	0.03	0.7	230	–	[24]
${Nd : GdLuYVO}_{4}$	0.012	0.47	96	1 ^a	[26]
Nd:LGGG	0.021	0.37	250	1 ^a	[17]
Nd:GAGG	0.024	0.274	228	1 ^a	[25]

Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
$σ$	$5 \times 10^{- 20} {cm}^{2}$	$n_{s 0}$	$2 \times 10^{17} {cm}^{- 3}$
$σ_{g}$	$7.2 \times 10^{- 18} {cm}^{2}$	$l$	1 cm
$σ_{e}$	$7.4 \times 10^{- 19} {cm}^{2}$	$l_{s}$	0.5 mm
$α$	$0.75 {cm}^{- 1}$	$L_{p}$	5 cm
$τ$	277 μs	$L$	0.01
$n_{1}$	1.83	$ω_{s}$	186 μm
$n_{2}$	1.80	$ω_{g}$	207 μm
$τ_{s}$	22 ns	$ω_{l}$	202 μm
$ω_{p}$	200 μm

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