Abstract
We present numerical and experimental analyses showing the formation of spatial photorefractive solitons at visible wavelengths in electrically biased lithium niobate crystals for ordinary and extraordinary light polarizations. Similarly sized self-trapped beams are observed for both polarizations, despite the polarization-dependent electro-optic coefficients. The tensorial character of the photovoltaic effect is shown to play a key role. The soliton-induced waveguides are able to properly guide telecommunication wavelengths. Finally, a higher degree of anisotropy is observed for ordinary polarized solitons for specific electro-optic configurations, which reveals the presence of the photorefractive field component perpendicular to the applied field. Experimental results are confirmed by a time-dependent numerical model.
© 2009 Optical Society of America
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