Bound, odd-parity J = 1 spectra of the alkaline earths: Ca, Sr, and Ba

Bound, odd-parity J = 1 spectra of the alkaline earths: Ca, Sr, and Ba

Journal of the Optical Society of America

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Abstract

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Tables (19)

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Cited By

Figures (12)

Tables (19)

Equations (168)

J. A. Armstrong; J. J. Wynne; P. Esherick

doi:10.1364/JOSA.69.000211

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 69,
Issue 2,
pp. 211-230
(1979)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.69.000211

J. A. Armstrong, J. J. Wynne, and P. Esherick

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J. A. Armstrong, J. J. Wynne, and P. Esherick, "Bound, odd-parity J = 1 spectra of the alkaline earths: Ca, Sr, and Ba," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69, 211-230 (1979)

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We have used multiphoton excitation via selected intermediate states to observe and identify triplet Rydberg series of the type msnp ³P⁰ up to high n in Ca, Sr, and Ba. Previous efforts have failed to identify these series beyond n = 7. We present details of our experimental method, give tables of the newly determined energy levels, and describe their analysis by multi-channel quantum defect theory (MQDT). For the most part, the msnp ³P⁰ series in Ca and Sr can be described by a nearly constant quantum defect δ with δ_Ca = 19.7 and δ_Sr = 2.90. The 6s n p ³P⁰ series in Ba is more heavily affected by the configuration interaction, but to a reasonable approximation has δ_Ba ≈ 3.81. For all three elements, we find that the $m s n p {¹ P}_{1}^{0}$ series are much more strongly perturbed than the ${³ P}_{1}^{0}$ series. Most of this paper treats Ba. In addition to the ³P⁰ states, ³F₂ and ¹G₄ states are measured and tabulated. Further results in Ba include new and/or revised values for some ${¹ P}_{1}^{0}$ states a revised ionization limit, evidence for an energy-dependent configuration interaction, and an MQDT prediction of the photoabsorption cross section at the ionization limit. This prediction agrees with the most recent experimental cross section. The MQDT analysis of Ba is described in great detail to make it useful as a guide to the reader who wishes to become a user of MQDT.

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Label		Obs. (cm⁻¹)	Calc. (cm⁻¹)^a	Obs. − Calc.	ν_S(Obs.)
4s4p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	15 157.90^b			1.793
4s4p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	15 210.06^b	18 910.43	−3 700.36^c	1.794
4s4p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	15 315.94^b	19 049.50	−3 733.55^c	1.797
4s5p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	36 547.69^b			2.933
4s5p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	36 554.75^b	36 721.77	−167.02^c	2.934
4s5p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	36 575.12^b	36 744.98	−169.86^c	2.936
3d4p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	39 333.38^b			3.317
3d4p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	39 335.32^b	39 335.32	0.00	3.318
3d4p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	39 340.08^b	39 340.00	0.08	3.318
4s6p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	42 514.84^b			4.020
4s6p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	42 518.71^b	42 518.78	−0.07	4.021
4s6p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	42 526.59^b	42 527.06	−0.47	4.023
4s7p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	44 955.67^b			5.022
4s7p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	44 957.65^b	44 957.66	−0.01	5.024
4s7p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	44 961.76^b	44 961.71	0.05	5.026
4s8p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	46 284.12 ± 0.07			6.026
4s8p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	46 285.23 ± 0.07	46 285.20	0.03	6.027
4s8p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	46 287.63 ± 0.07	46 287.47	0.16	6.030
4s9p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	47 085.38 ± 0.07	47 085.30	0.07	7.030
4s9p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	47 086.99 ± 0.07	47 086.70	0.28	7.032
4s10p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	47 604.75 ± 0.20	47 604.67	0.08	8.031
4s10p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	47 605.77 ± 0.20	47 605.60	0.18	8.034
4s11p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	47 960.87 ± 0.09	47 960.90	−0.04	9.032
4s11p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	47 961.53 ± 0.09	47 961.55	−0.02	9.034
4s12p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	48 215.81 ± 0.05	48 215.86	−0.05	10.033
4s12p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 216.36 ± 0.05	48 216.33	0.03	10.035
4s13p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	48 404.57 ± 0.05	48 404.61	−0.04	11.033
4s13p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 404.95 ± 0.05	48 404.96	−0.01	11.036
4s14p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	48 548.30 ± 0.06	48 548.25	0.05	12.034
4s14p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 548.51 ± 0.06	48 548.52	−0.01	12.036
4s15p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 660.23 ± 0.05	48 660.30	−0.07	13.036
4s16p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 749.04 ± 0.05	48 749.05	0.00	14.037
4s17p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 820.60 ± 0.02	48 820.67	−0.07	15.036
4s18p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 879.31 ± 0.02	48 879.32	−0.01	16.037
4s19p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 927.93 ± 0.03	48 927.94	−0.02	17.037
4s20p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	48 968.67 ± 0.03	48 968.70	−0.03	18.037
4s21p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 003.21 ± 0.03	49 003.21	0.00	19.037
4s22p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 032.70 ± 0.03	49 032.68	0.02	20.038
4s23p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 058.02 ± 0.03	49 058.05	−0.03	21.037
4s24p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 080.04 ± 0.03	49 080.04	0.00	22.038
4s25p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 099.25 ± 0.03	49 099.23	0.02	23.039
4s26p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 116.07 ± 0.03	49 116.08	−0.01	24.037
4s27p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 130.94 ± 0.03	49 130.94	0.00	25.038
4s28p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 144.19 ±0.03	49 144.13	0.06	26.043
4s29p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 155.90 ± 0.02	49 155.88	0.01	27.039
4s30p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 166.43 ± 0.02	49 166.40	0.03	28.041
4s31p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 175.87 ± 0.02	49 175.85	0.02	29.041
4s32p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 184.37 ± 0.02	49 184.37	0.00	30.039
4s33p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 192.08 ± 0.02	49 192.08	0.00	31.038
4s34p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 199.09 ± 0.02	49 199.08	0.01	32.040
4s35p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 205.47 ± 0.02	49 205.45	0.02	33.041
4s36p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 211.34 ± 0.05	49 211.28	0.06	34.049
4s37p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 216.61 ± 0.02	49 216.60	0.01	35.040
4s38p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 221.51 ± 0.02	49 221.50	0.02	36.042
4s39p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 226.02 ± 0.02	49 226.00	0.03	37.044
4s40p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 230.13 ± 0.02	49 230.15	−0.01	38.034
4s41p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 234.00 ± 0.02	49 233.98	0.02	39.044
4s42p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 237.55 ± 0.02	49 237.54	0.02	40.043
4s43p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 240.81 ± 0.07	49 240.83	−0.02	41.031
4s44p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 243.87 ± 0.02	49 243.89	−0.02	42.031
4s45p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 246.74 ± 0.02	49 246.75	−0.01	43.036
4s46p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 249.37 ± 0.02	49 249.41	−0.04	44.025
4s47p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 251.87 ± 0.02	49 251.89	−0.02	45.030
4s48p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 254.22 ± 0.03	49 254.22	0.00	46.039
4s49p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 256.42 ± 0.02	49 256.39	0.03	47.050
4s50p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 258.45 ± 0.02	49 258.44	0.01	48.042
4s51p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 260.36 ± 0.03	49 260.36	0.00	49.039
4s52p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 262.15 ± 0.03	49 262.16	−0.01	50.032
4s53p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 263.85 ± 0.03	49 263.86	−0.02	51.029
4s54p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 265.44 ± 0.03	49 265.47	−0.02	52.024
4s55p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 266.99 ± 0.03	49 266.98	0.01	53.043
4s56p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 268.40 ± 0.03	49 268.41	−0.01	54.032
4s57p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 269.77 ± 0.03	49 269.76	0.00	55.042
4s58p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 271.01 ± 0.03	49 271.05	−0.04	56.007
4s59p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 272.24 ± 0.03	49 272.26	−0.02	57.02.4
4s60p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	49 273.37 ± 0.03	49 273.41	−0.04	58.001

Label		Obs. (cm⁻¹)	Calc. (cm⁻¹)^a	Obs. − Calc.	ν_S(Obs.)
5s5p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	14 317.52^b	17 812.12	−3 494.60^c	1.863
5s5p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	14 504.35^b	18 220.00	−3 715.65^c	1.869
5s5p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	14 898.56^b	19 186.91	−4 288.35^c	1.880
5s6p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	33 853.52^b	34 000.52	−147.00^c	3.014
5s6p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	33 868.33^b	34 073.68	−205.34^c	3.016
5s6p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	33 973.08^b	34 253.73	−280.65^c	3.029
4d5p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	37 292.11^b	37 292.11	0.00	3.564
4d5p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	37 302.76^b	37 302.77	−0.01	3.566
4d5p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	37 336.62^b	37 336.46	0.15	3.573
5s7p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	39 411.70^b	39 411.62	0.08	4.102
5s7p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	39 426.47^b	39 426.23	0.24	4.107
5s7p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	39 457.41^b	39 458.29	−0.88	4.117
5s8p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	41 712.05 ± 0.05	41 712.43	−0.38	5.099
5s8p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	41 719.71 ± 0.05	41 720.54	−0.82	5.104
5s8p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	41 735.98 ± 0.05	41 738.49	−2.51	5.114
5s9p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	42 985.86 ± 0.07	42 985.79	0.08	6.103
5s9p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	42 990.26 ± 0.07	42 990.32	−0.07	6.107
5s9p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	42 999.79 ± 0.07	43 000.29	−0.49	6.117
5s10p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	43 758.65 ± 0.07	43 758.57	0.09	7.105
5s10p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	43 761.47 ± 0.07	43 761.35	0.12	7.110
5s10p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	43 767.58 ± 0.07	43 767.40	0.18	7.120
5s11p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	44 262.70 ± 0.07	44 262.56	0.15	8.107
5s11p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	44 264.52 ± 0.07	44 264.38	0.14	8.112
5s11p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	44 268.72 ± 0.07	44 268.33	0.39	8.122
5s12p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	44 609.51 ± 0.04	44 609.46	0.05	9.109
5s12p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	44 610.85 ± 0.04	44 610.72	0.13	9.113
5s12p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	44 613.78 ± 0.04	44 613.44	0.34	9.123
5s13p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	44 858.33 ± 0.03	44 858.42	−0.09	10.109
5s13p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	44 859.32 ± 0.03	44 859.33	−0.01	10.114
5s13p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	44 861.46 ± 0.03	44 861.29	0.18	10.124
5s14p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	45 043.18 ± 0.02	45 043.14	0.04	11.110
5s14p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 043.89 ± 0.02	45 043.82	0.07	11.115
5s14p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 045.54 ± 0.02	45 045.28	0.26	11.125
5s15p	${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	45 183.93 ± 0.02	45 183.97	−0.04	12.110
5s15p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 184.54 ± 0.02	45 184.49	0.05	12.115
5s15p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 185.79 ± 0.02	45 185.61	0.19	12.125
5s16p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 294.22 ± 0.02	45 294.21	0.01	13.115
5s16p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 295.21 ± 0.02	45 295.08	0.13	13.125
5s17p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 381.46 ± 0.03	45 381.43	0.04	14.116
5s17p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 382.26 ± 0.03	45 382.12	0.14	14.126
5s18p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 451.87 ± 0.01	45 451.91	−0.03	15.115
5s18p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 452.53 ± 0.01	45 452.47	0.06	15.126
5s19p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 509.65 ± 0.02	45 509.67	−0.02	16.116
5s19p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 510.20 ± 0.02	45 510.13	0.07	16.126
5s20p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 557.62 ± 0.02	45 557.61	0.01	17.116
5s20p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 558.00 ± 0.02	45 557.99	0.01	17.125
5s21p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 597.81 ± 0.02	45 597.83	−0.01	18.116
5s21p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 598.17 ± 0.02	45 598.15	0.02	18.126
5s22p	${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	45 631.86 ± 0.02	45 631.90	−0.04	19.115
5s22p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 632.15 ± 0.02	45 632.17	−0.02	19.125
5s23p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 661.22 ± 0.03	45 661.25	−0.03	20.124
5s24p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 686.25 ± 0.02	45 686.29	−0.04	21.124
5s25p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 707.96 ± 0.02	45 708.02	−0.06	22.122
5s26p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 726.94 ± 0.02	45 726.99	−0.05	23.123
5s27p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 743.60 ± 0.02	45 743.65	−0.05	24.122
5s28p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 758.33 ± 0.02	45 758.36	−0.02	25.124
5s29p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 771.41 ± 0.02	45 771.41	0.00	26.126
5s30p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 782.99 ± 0.02	45 783.05	−0.06	27.120
5s31p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 793.45 ± 0.02	45 793.46	−0.01	28.124
5s32p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 802.83 ± 0.02	45802.83	0.01	29.126
5s33p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 811.27 ± 0.02	45 811.27	0.00	30.125
5s34p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 818.91 ± 0.02	45 818.92	−0.01	31.124
5s35p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 825.83 ± 0.02	45 825.86	−0.03	32.121
5s36p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 832.16 ± 0.02	45 832.18	−0.02	33.122
5s37p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 837.93 ± 0.02	45 837.96	−0.03	34.121
5s38p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 843.22 ± 0.02	45 843.25	−0.03	35.121
5s39p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 848.05 ± 0.02	45 848.10	−0.05	36.115
5s40p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 852.56 ± 0.02	45 852.57	−0.01	37.123
5s41p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 856.68 ± 0.02	45 856.69	−0.01	38.122
5s42p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 860.54 ± 0.02	45 860.50	0.03	39.135
5s43p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 864.04 ± 0.02	45 864.03	0.01	40.128
5s44p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 867.26 ± 0.02	45 867.30	−0.04	41.113
5s45p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 870.30 ± 0.03	45 870.35	−0.05	42.108
5s46p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 873.13 ± 0.03	45 873.18	−0.05	43.106
5s47p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 875.77 ± 0.03	45 875.83	−0.06	44.102
5s48p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 878.26 ± 0.03	45 878.30	−0.03	45.112
5s49p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 880.56 ± 0.02	45 880.61	−0.04	46.106
5s50p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 882.75 ± 0.02	45 882.77	−0.02	47.115
5s51p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 884.82 ± 0.02	45 884.81	0.01	48.130
5s52p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 886.71 ± 0.02	45 886.72	−0.01	49.122
5s53p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 888.43 ± 0.03	45 888.51	−0.08	50.081
5s54p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 890.18 ± 0.02	45 890.20	−0.02	51.113
5s55p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 891.80 ± 0.03	45 891.80	0.00	52.128
5s56p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 893.28 ± 0.02	45 893.31	−0.02	53.111
5s57p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 894.70 ± 0.02	45 894.73	−0.03	54.103
5s58p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 896.01 ± 0.02	45 896.08	−0.06	55.076
5s59p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 897.30 ± 0.02	45 897.35	−0.05	56.084
5s60p	${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	45 898.50 ± 0.02	45 898.56	−0.06	57.078

Label	Observed (cm⁻¹)	ν_S(Obs.)
5d8p	41 083.92 ± 0.15	10.742
6s16p	41 295.93 ± 0.15	12.186

Label		Obs. (cm⁻¹)	Calc. (cm⁻¹)^a	Obs. − Calc.	ν_S(Obs.)
6s6p	³P	12 636.616^b			1.932
6s6p	¹P	18 060.264^b			2.140
5d6p	³D	24 192.057^b	23 381.5	−853^c	2.480
5d6p	³P	25 704.14^b	25 828.1	−114^c	2.592
5d6p	¹P	28 554.257^b	28 554.04	0.21	2.853
6s7p	³P	30 815.562^b	30 815.80	−0.24	3.127
6s7p	¹P	32 547.076^b	32 547.40	−0.32	3.401
6s8p	³P	35 669.00 ± 0.20	35 669.60	−0.60	4.152
6s8p	¹P	35 892.52^b	35 892.45	0.07	4.227
5d7p	³D	36 495.62 ± 0.10	36 495.62	0.00	4.451
5d7p	³P	36 989.98 ± 0.10	36 989.98	0.00	4.664
6s9p	¹P	37 775.28 ± 0.06	37 776.06	−0.78	5.076
6s9p	³P	37 936.87 ± 0.08	37 935.58	1.29	5.175
5d7p	¹P	38 500.29 ± 0.09	38 500.44	−0.15	5.572
6s10p	³P	39 160.21 ± 0.15	39 159.41	0.80	6.178
6s10p	¹P	39 311.95 ± 0.15	39 310.36	1.59	6.348
5d4f	(d)	39 893.48 ± 0.07	39 893.45	0.03	7.159
6s11p	³P	39 916.35 ± 0.07	39 916.24	0.11	7.197
6s11p	¹P	39 982.14 ± 0.07	39 980.79	1.35	7.312
6s12p	³P	40 395.60 ± 0.07	40 396.04	−0.44	8.182
6s12p	¹P	40 428.68 ± 0.06	40 427.41	1.27	8.266
5d4f	(d)	40 662.86 ± 0.18	40 662.86	0.00	8.943
6s13p	³P	40 732.01 ± 0.12	40 731.96	0.05	9.177
5d4f	(d)	40 736.81 ± 0.15	40 736.80	0.01	9.194
6s13p	¹P	40 765.23 ± 0.14	40 765.32	−0.09	9.297
5d8p	³D	40 893.76 ± 0.13	40 893.76	0.00	9.806
6s14p	³P	40 973.65 ± 0.07	40 973.58	0.07	10.169
6s14p	¹P	40 991.23 ± 0.09	40 990.34	0.89	10.254
5d8p	³P	41 097.20 ± 0.07	41 097.18	0.02	10.818
6s15p	³P	41 159.83 ± 0.12	41 160.11	−0.28	11.198
6s15p	¹P	41183.60 ± 0.06	41184.81	−1.21	11.354
6s16p	³P	41 296.96 ± 0.03	41 297.09	−0.13	12.195
6s16p	¹P	41 307.88 ± 0.03	41 308.69	0.81	12.286
6s17p	³P	41 404.40 ± 0.03	41 404.57	−0.17	13.193
6s17p	¹P	41 411.04 ± 0.03	41 411.67	−0.63	13.263
6s18p	³P	41 490.09 ± 0.02	41 490.22	−0.13	14.192
6s18p	¹P	41 494.39 ± 0.02	41 494.48	−0.43	14.249
6s19p	³P	41 559.45 ± 0.03	41 559.53	−0.08	15.192
6s19p	¹P	41 562.24 ± 0.02	41 562.53	−0.29	15.237
6s20p	³P	41 616.32 ± 0.02	41 616.41	−0.09	16.192
6s20p	¹P	41 618.12 ± 0.02	41 618.32	−0.20	16.226
6s21p	³P	41 663.55 ± 0.03	41 663.63	−0.08	17.190
6s21p	¹P	41 664.66 ± 0.02	41 664.82	−0.16	17.216
6s22p	³P	41 703.25 ± 0.02	41 703.25	0.00	18.190
6s22p	¹P	41 703.84 ± 0.02	41 703.98	−0.14	18.206
6s23p	¹P	41 736.80 ± 0.03	41 736.77	0.03	19.186
6s24p	¹P	41 765.35 ± 0.02	41 765.34	0.01	20.177
6s25p	¹P	41 789.99 ± 0.02	41 789.94	0.05	21.168
6s26p	¹P	41 811.34 ± 0.02	41 811.30	0.04	22.155
6s26p	³P	41 812.03 ± 0.06	41 812.19	−0.16	22.190
6s27p	¹P	41 830.03 ± 0.02	41 829.96	0.06	23.144
6s27p	³P	41 830.94 ± 0.04	41 830.97	−0.03	23.196
6s28p	¹P	41 846.48 ± 0.04	41 846.38	0.10	24.133
6s28p	³P	41 847.45 ± 0.04	41 847.47	−0.02	24.195
6s29p	¹P	41 860.99 ± 0.05	41 860.89	0.10	25.120
6s29p	³P	41 862.03 ± 0.04	41 862.05	−0.02	25.195
6s30p	¹P	41 873.88 ± 0.02	41 873.79	0.10	26.106
6s30p	³P	41 874.97 ± 0.04	41 875.00	−0.03	26.195
6s31p	¹P	41 885.39 ± 0.03	41 885.29	0.10	27.092
6s31p	³P	41 886.48 ± 0.04	41 886.54	−0.06	27.191
6s32p	¹P	41 895.70 ± 0.03	41 895.61	0.09	28.077
6s32p	³P	41 896.85 ± 0.04	41 896.87	−0.02	28.194
6s33p	¹P	41 905.03 ± 0.03	41 904.89	0.14	29.068
6s33p	³P	41 906.12 ± 0.04	41 906.17	−0.05	29.191
6s34p	¹P	41 913.39 ± 0.02	41 913.28	0.11	30.052
6s34p	³P	41 914.55 ± 0.04	41 914.55	0.00	30.196
6s35p	¹P	41 921.00 ± 0.02	41 920.88	0.12	31.039
6s35p	³P	41 922.13 ± 0.04	41 922.14	−0.01	31.195
6s36p	¹P	41 927.90 ± 0.03	41 927.79	0.11	32.025
6s36p	³P	41 929.02 ± 0.04	41 929.04	−0.02	32.194
6s37p	¹P	41 934.18 ± 0.02	41 934.09	0.09	33.008
6s37p	³P	41 935.34 ± 0.04	41 935.32	0.02	33.200
6s38p	¹P	41 939.95 ± 0.02	41 939.85	0.10	33.996
6s38p	³P	41 940.99 ± 0.04	41 941.06	−0.07	34.184
6s39p	¹P	41 945.20 ± 0.02	41 945.14	0.06	34.977
6s39p	³P	41 946.27 ± 0.05	41 946.32	−0.05	35.187
6s40p	¹P	41 950.07 ± 0.04	41 949.99	0.08	35.967
6s40p	³P	41 951.10 ± 0.04	41 951.14	−0.04	36.187
6s41p	¹P	41 954.55 ± 0.02	41 954.47	0.08	36.956
6s41p	³P	41 955.62 ± 0.06	41 955.59	0.03	37.204
6s42p	¹P	41 958.68 ± 0.02	41 958.60	0.08	37.944
6s43p	¹P	41 962.43 ± 0.04	41 962.43	0.00	38.913
6s43p	³P	41 963.48 ± 0.04	41 963.47	0.01	39.198
6s44p	¹P	41 966.03 ± 0.02	41 965.97	0.06	39.917
6s45p	¹P	41 969.32 ± 0.02	41 969.26	0.06	40.906
6s46p	¹P	41 972.36 ± 0.02	41 972.33	0.03	41.889
6s47p	¹P	41 975.21 ± 0.02	41 975.18	0.03	42.877
6s48p	¹P	41 977.87 ± 0.02	41 977.85	0.02	43.866
6s49p	¹P	41 980.35 ± 0.02	41 980.34	0.01	44.852
6s50p	¹P	41 982.71 ± 0.02	41 982.68	0.03	45.855
6s51p	¹P	41 984.90 ± 0.02	41 984.86	0.04	46.848
6s52p	¹P	41 986.94 ± 0.02	41 986.92	0.02	47.834
6s53p	¹P	41 988.89 ± 0.02	41 988.85	0.04	48.837
6s54p	¹P	41 990.68 ± 0.02	41 990.67	0.01	49.816
6s55p	¹P	41 992.40 ± 0.02	41 992.38	0.02	50.814

Label	Obs. (cm⁻¹)	Calc. (cm⁻¹)^a	Obs. − Calc.	ν_S(Obs.)
6s11p	39 930.79 ± 0.19	39 922.22	8.57^b	7.222
6s12p	40 406.67 ± 0.19	40 406.76	−0.09	8.210
6s13p	40 741.76 ± 0.17	40 741.66	0.10	9.212
6s14p	40 982.86 ± 0.15	40 982.82	0.04	10.213
6s15p	41 162.15 ± 0.15	41 162.25	−0.10	11.213
6s16p	41 299.33 ± 0.15	41 299.38	−0.05	12.214
6s17p	41 406.53 ± 0.15	41 406.53	0.00	13.215
6s18p	41 491.80 ± 0.04	41 491.85	−0.05	14.215
6s19p	41 560.83 ± 0.03	41 560.90	−0.07	15.214
6s20p	41 617.51 ± 0.03	41 617.55	0.04	16.215
6s21p		41 664.60		17.215a
6s22p		41 704.09		18.213a
6s23p	41 737.39 ± 0.03	41 737.46	−0.07	19.205
perturberc	41 759.93 ± 0.03	41 759.95	−0.02	19.977
6s24p	41 767.32 ± 0.03	41 767.36	−0.04	20.251
6s25p	41 791.29 ± 0.03	41 791.32	−0.03	21.224
6s26p	41 812.66 ± 0.03	41 812.69	−0.03	22.221
6s27p	41 831.38 ± 0.03	41 831.40	−0.02	23.221
6s28p	41 847.80 ± 0.03	41 847.84	−0.04	24.218
6s29p	41 862.37 ± 0.03	41 862.38	−0.01	25.220
6s30p	41 875.26 ± 0.03	41 875.29	−0.03	26.218
6s31p	41 886.78 ± 0.03	41 886.80	−0.02	27.219
6s32p	41 897.11 ± 0.03	41 897.11	0.00	28.221
6s33p	41 906.36 ± 0.03	41 906.38	−0.02	29.218
6s34p	41 914.71 ± 0.03	41 914.74	−0.03	30.216
6s35p	41 922.30 ± 0.03	41 922.31	−0.01	31.218
6s36p	41 929.18 ± 0.03	41 929.19	−0.01	32.218
6s37p	41 935.44 ± 0.03	41 935.46	−0.02	33.216
6s38p	41 941.18 ± 0.03	41 941.19	−0.01	34.218
6s39p	41 946.41 ± 0.03	41 946.43	−0.02	35.215
6s40p	41 951.25 ± 0.03	41 951.25	0.00	36.220
6s41p	41 955.67 ± 0.03	41 955.69	−0.02	37.216
6s42p	41 959.76 ± 0.03	41 959.78	−0.02	38.216
6s43p	41 963.56 ± 0.03	41 963.56	0.00	39.220
6s44p	41 967.05 ± 0.03	41 967.06	−0.01	40.216
6s45p	41 970.43 ± 0.11	41 970.31	0.12	41.257
6s46p	41 973.32 ± 0.03	41 973.34	−0.02	42.214
6s47p	41 97,6.09 ± 0.06	41 976.15	−0.06	43.197
6s48p	41 978.76 ± 0.03	41 978.78	−0.02	44.212
6s49p	41 981.21 ± 0.03	41 981.24	−0.03	45.209
6s50p	41 983.45 ± 0.05	41 983.53	−0.08	46.183
6s51p	41 985.67 ± 0.03	41 985.68	−0.01	47.213
6s52p	41 987.69 ± 0.04	41 987.70	−0.01	48.212
6s53p	41 989.54 ± 0.04	41 989.60	−0.06	49.186
6s54p	41 991.38 ± 0.04	41 991.39	−0.01	50.215

Label	Obs. (cm⁻¹)	ν_S(Obs.)
6s9f	40 613.87 ± 0.18	8.788
6s10f	40 895.14 ± 0.15	9.812
6s11f	41 100.72 ± 0.22	10.838
6s12f	41 251.16 ± 0.34	11.833
6s17f	41 647.85 ± 0.03	16.838
6s18f	41 689.80 ± 0.03	17.832
6s19f	41 725.39 ± 0.03	18.830
6s20f	41 755.48 ± 0.03	19.817
6s21f	41 782.02 ± 0.03	20.831
6s22f	41 804.59 ± 0.03	21.828
6s23f	41 824.30 ± 0.03	22.827
6s24f	41 841.63 ± 0.04	23.828
6s25f	41 856.85 ± 0.04	24.826

Label	Obs. (cm⁻¹)^a	ν_S(Obs.)
6s12g	41 265.70	11.94
6s13g	41 379.93	12.94
6s14g	41 470.46	13.94
6s15g	41 543.82	14.95
6s17g	41 652.59	16.94
6s18g	41 693.99	17.94
6s19g	41 729.31	18.95
6s21g	41 784.65	20.94
6s22g	41 806.88	21.94
6s23g	41 826.33	22.94
6s24g	41 843.49	23.94
6s25g	41 858.51	24.94
6s26g	41 871.78	25.94
6s27g	41 883.73	26.94
6s29g	41 903.89	28.94
6s30g	41 912.54	29.95
6s31g	41 920.27	30.94
6s32g	41 927.40	31.95
6s34g	41 939.58	33.93
6s35g	41 945.04	34.95
6s36g	41 949.94	35.94
6s38g	41 958.70	37.95
6s40g	41 966.12	39.94
6s41g	41 969.41	40.94
6s42g	41 972.55	41.95
6s43g	41 975.43	42.96
6s44g	41 978.14	43.97
6s45g	41 980.62	44.96
6s46g	41 982.96	45.97
6s47g	41 985.17	46.98
6s48g	41 987.24	47.98
6s49g	41 989.16	48.98
6s51g	41 992.62	50.94
6s52g	41 994.26	51.96
6s53g	41 995.87	53.02
6s54g	41 997.23	53.97
6s55g	41 998.64	55.01
6s56g	41 999.84	55.95
6s57g	42 001.08	56.97
6s58g	42 002.31	58.03
6s59g	42 003.42	59.04
6s60g	42 004.35	59.93
6s62g	42 006.31	61.96
6s63g	42 007.23	62.97
6s64g	42 008.22	64.13
6s65g	42 008.95	65.03
6s66g	42 009.76	66.06
6s67g	42 010.43	66.97
6s68g	42 011.30	68.18

		Ca	Sr
Ionization	I_S	49 305.99 cm⁻¹	45 932.19 cm⁻¹
Limit	I_D	63 016.93 cm⁻¹	60 628.26 cm⁻¹
${¹ P}_{1}^{0}$	μ₁	0.965 9(1)^a + 0.213(1)dE^b	0.892 2(2) + 0.257 8(7)dE
	μ₂	0.566 13(1)	0.490 66(4)
	U₂₁	0.557 69(7)	0.576 5(2)
${³ P}_{0}^{0}$	μ₁	…	0.900 0(3) + 0.266 (8)dE
	μ₂	…	0.810 4(7)
	U₂₁	…	0.444 (4)
${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	μ₁	0.972 5(5) + 0.24(1)dE	0.896 1(5) + 0.25(1)dE
	μ₂	0.838 0(7)	0.810 (1)
	U₂₁	0.31(1)	0.411 (6)
${³ P}_{2}^{0}$	μ₁	0.971(1) + 0.24(2)dE	0.887 (2) + 0.20(3)dE
	μ₂	0.838 (2)	0.810 (3)
	U₂₁	0.31(3)	0.42(2)

i, ᾱ	=	1	2	3	4	5
\|i〉	=	[²S_1/2]p_1/2	[²S_1/2]p_3/2	[²D_3/2]p_1/2	[²D_3/2]p_3/2	[²D_5/2]p_3/2
I_i	=	42 034.9	42 034.9	46 908.99	46 908.99	47 709.96 cm⁻¹
\|ᾱ〉	=	6snp ³P	6snp ¹P	5dnp ³D	5dnp ³P	5dnp ¹P

α	=	1	2	3	4	5
μ_α	=	0.808 9(06)^a	0.791 4(15)	0.702 7(11)	0.699 5(22)	0.504 9(13)
dμ_α/dE	=	0.270 1(31)	0.198 (11)	0.303 0(53)	0.071 (11)	−0.293 6(46)
$U_{i ᾱ}^{0}$		(2/3)^1/2	−(1/3)^1/2	0	0	0
		(1/3)^1/2	(2/3)^1/2	0	0	0
		0	0	(1/2)^1/2	− (1/6)^1/2	(1/3)^1/2
		0	0	2(1/10)^1/2	4(1/30)^1/2	−(1/15)^1/2
		0	0	−(1/10)^1/2	3(1/30)^1/2	3(1/15)^1/2
Θ₃ = 0.214 5(65)		couples		sp ³P to “dp” ³P
Θ₅ = 0.356 7(75)		couples		sp ¹P to “dp” ³D
Θ₆ = 0.173 (12)		couples		sp ¹P to “dp” ³P
Θ₇ = 0.571 4(31)		couples		sp ¹P to “dp” ¹P
dΘ₇/dE = 0.741 (16)		energy-dependent coupling^b

α	=	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
μ_α	=	0.808 8^a	0.785 0	0.705 4	0.703 4	0.503 7	0.015 3	0.048 4	0.059 3
dμ_a/dE	=	0.271 5	0.274 9	0.260 1	0.051 7	−0.305 6	0	0	0
		(2/3)^1/2	−(1/3)^1/2	0	0	0	0	0	0
		(1/3)^1/2	(2/3)^1/2	0	0	0	0	0	0
		0	0	(1/2)^1/2	−(1/6)^1/2	(1/3)^1/2	0	0	0
$U_{i ᾱ}^{0}$	=	0	0	2(1/10)^1/2	4(1/30)^1/2	−(1/15)^1/2	0	0	0
		0	0	0	0	0	(2/5)^1/2	−(1/5)^1/2	(2/5)^1/2
		0	0	−(1/10)^1/2	3(1/30)^1/2	3(1/15)^1/2	0	0	0
		0	0	0	0	0	4(1/35)^1/2	3(2/35)^1/2	−(1/35)^1/2
		0	0	0	0	0	−(1/7)^1/2	(2/7)^1/2	2(1/7)^1/2
Θ₃ = 0.2218		couples			sp ³P to “dp” ³P
Θ₆ = −0.0101		couples			sp ³P to “df” ³P
Θ₇ = 0.0588		couples			sp ³P to “df” ¹P
Θ₈ = 0.3824		couples			sp ¹P to”dp” ³D
Θ₉ = 0.2013		couples			sp ¹P to “dp” ³P
Θ₁₀ = 0.5766		couples			sp ¹P to “dp” ¹P
Θ₁₃ = 0.1347		couples			sp ¹P to “df” ¹P
dΘ₁₀/dE = 0.765 6		energy-dependent coupling

Energy ᾱ→	Label	sp		dp
Energy ᾱ→	Label	³P	¹P	³D	³P	¹P
28 554.257	5d6p ¹P	0.003	0.496	0.107	0.021	0.349
32 547.076	6s7p ¹P	0.000	0.715	0.014	0.003	0.240
35 892.52	6s8p ¹P	0.007	0.802	0.023	0.001	0.160
36 495.62	5d7p ³P	0.001	0.079	0.855	0.036	0.066
36 989.98	5d7p ³P	0.021	0.024	0.016	0.928	0.016
37 775.28	6s9p ¹P	0.001	0.632	0.089	0.016	0.271
38 500.29	5d7p ¹P	0.000	0.549	0.043	0.002	0.388
39 311.95	6s10p ¹P	0.000	0.918	0.002	0.000	0.077
40 893.76	5d8p ³D	0.000	0.106	0.764	0.021	0.086
41 097.2	5d8p ³P	0.054	0.301	0.000	0.554	0.068

Energy	Label	sp		df
Energy	Label	(ᾱ → ³P	¹P)	$(i \to \frac{3 5}{2 2}$	$\frac{5 5}{2 2}$	$\frac{5 7}{2 2})$
39 893.48	$5 d 4 f \frac{3 5}{2 2}$	0.424	0.045	0.521	0.003	0.003
39 916.35	6s11p ³P	0.568	0.068	0.357	0.001	0.001
40 662.86	$5 d 4 f \frac{5 7}{2 2}$	0.007	0.077	0.002	0.097	0.789
40 732.01	6s13p ³P	0.802	0.011	0.002	0.178	0.002
40 736.81	$5 d 4 f \frac{5 5}{2 2}$	0.168	0.361	0.004	0.423	0.003

α	=	1	2
μ_α	=	0.780 7(3)^a	0.383 05(2)
dμ_α/dE	=	0.25(1)	0
U₂₁	=	0.033 36(7)
Ionization limit I_S	=	42 034.88(1)	I_d = 46 908.99

μ	=	0.058(2)^a
dμ/dE	=	−0.1(1)
I_S	=	42 034.93(2)

		Ca	Sr	Ba
	μ₁^a	0.99	0.93	0.83
	μ₂^b	0.57	0.49	0.43
${¹ P}_{1}^{0}$	Δ = μ₁ − μ₂	0.42	0.44	0.40
	$\bar{μ} = (μ_{1} + μ_{2}) / 2$	0.78	0.71	0.63
	U₂₁	0.56	0.58	0.58
	μ₁^a	0.03	0.94	0.91^c
	μ₂^b	0.84	0.81	0.73^c
${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	Δ	0.19	0.13	0.18
	$\bar{μ}$	0.94	0.88	0.82
	U₂₁	0.31	0.41	0.21^d

μ	=	0.058(2)^a
dμ/dE	=	−0.1(1)
I_S	=	42 034.93(2)

		Ca	Sr	Ba
	μ₁^a	0.99	0.93	0.83
	μ₂^b	0.57	0.49	0.43
${¹ P}_{1}^{0}$	Δ = μ₁ − μ₂	0.42	0.44	0.40
	$\bar{μ} = (μ_{1} + μ_{2}) / 2$	0.78	0.71	0.63
	U₂₁	0.56	0.58	0.58
	μ₁^a	0.03	0.94	0.91^c
	μ₂^b	0.84	0.81	0.73^c
${³ P}_{1}^{0}$	Δ	0.19	0.13	0.18
	$\bar{μ}$	0.94	0.88	0.82
	U₂₁	0.31	0.41	0.21^d

${\underline{Θ}}_{3}$

${\underline{Θ}}_{5}$

${\underline{Θ}}_{6}$

${\underline{Θ}}_{7}$